1338 lines
45 KiB
Plaintext
1338 lines
45 KiB
Plaintext
NAME
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SNMP::Info - Object Oriented Perl5 Interface to Network devices and MIBs
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through SNMP.
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VERSION
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SNMP::Info - Version 0.9
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AUTHOR
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SNMP::Info was created at UCSC for the netdisco project
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(www.netdisco.org) and is written and maintained by Max Baker.
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SYNOPSIS
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use SNMP::Info;
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my $info = new SNMP::Info(
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# Auto Discover more specific Device Class
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AutoSpecify => 1,
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Debug => 1,
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# The rest is passed to SNMP::Session
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DestHost => 'router',
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Community => 'public',
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Version => 2
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) or die "Can't connect to device.\n";
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my $err = $info->error();
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die "SNMP Community or Version probably wrong connecting to device. $err\n" if defined $err;
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$name = $info->name();
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$class = $info->class();
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print "SNMP::Info is using this device class : $class\n";
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# Find out the Duplex status for the ports
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my $interfaces = $info->interfaces();
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my $i_duplex = $info->i_duplex();
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# Get CDP Neighbor info
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my $c_if = $info->c_if();
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my $c_ip = $info->c_ip();
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my $c_port = $info->c_port();
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# Print out data per port
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foreach my $iid (keys %$interfaces){
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my $duplex = $i_duplex->{$iid};
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# Print out physical port name, not snmp iid
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my $port = $interfaces->{$iid};
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# The CDP Table has table entries different than the interface tables.
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# So we use c_if to get the map from cdp table to interface table.
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my %c_map = reverse %$c_if;
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my $c_key = $c_map{$iid};
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my $neighbor_ip = $c_ip->{$c_key};
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my $neighbor_port = $c_port->{$c_key};
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print "$port: $duplex duplex";
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print " connected to $neighbor_ip / $neighbor_port\n" if defined $remote_ip;
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print "\n";
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}
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SUPPORT
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Please direct all support, help, and bug requests to the snmp-info-users
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Mailing List at
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<http://lists.sourceforge.net/lists/listinfo/snmp-info-users>.
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DESCRIPTION
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SNMP::Info gives an object oriented interface to information obtained
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through SNMP.
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This module lives at http://snmp-info.sourceforge.net Check for newest
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version and documentation.
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This module is geared towards network devices. Subclasses exist for a
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number of network devices and common MIBs.
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The idea behind this module is to give a common interface to data from
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network devices, leaving the device-specific hacks behind the scenes in
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subclasses.
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In the SYNOPSIS example we fetch the name of all the ports on the device
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and the duplex setting for that port with two methods -- interfaces()
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and i_duplex().
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The information may be coming from any number of MIB files and is very
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vendor specific. SNMP::Info provides you a common method for all
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supported devices.
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Adding support for your own device is easy, and takes little SNMP
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knowledge.
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The module is not limited to network devices. Any MIB or device can be
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given an objected oriented front-end by making a module that consists of
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a couple hashes. See EXTENDING SNMP::INFO.
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REQUIREMENTS
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1. Net-SNMP
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To use this module, you must have Net-SNMP installed on your system.
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More specifically you need the Perl modules that come with it.
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DO NOT INSTALL SNMP:: or Net::SNMP from CPAN!
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The SNMP module is matched to an install of net-snmp, and must be
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installed from the net-snmp source tree.
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The Perl module "SNMP" is found inside the net-snmp distribution. Go
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to the perl/ directory of the distribution to install it, or run
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"./configure --with-perl-modules" from the top directory of the
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net-snmp distribution.
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Net-SNMP can be found at http://net-snmp.sourceforge.net
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Version 5.1.2 or greater is recommended.
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Various version 4's and 5.0 and 5.1 series will work. 5.0.1 is kinda
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flaky on the Perl side.
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Redhat Users: Certain versions that comes with certain versions of
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Redhat/Fedora doesn't have the Perl library installed. Uninstall the
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RPM and install by hand.
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2. MIBS
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SNMP::Info operates on textual descriptors found in MIBs.
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If you are using SNMP::Info separate from Netdisco, download the
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Netdisco-MIB package at
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http://sourceforge.net/project/showfiles.php?group_id=80033&package_id=135517
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Make sure that your snmp.conf is updated to point to your MIB
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directory and that the MIBs are world-readable.
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To do it by hand:
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Then run "snmpconf" and setup that directory as default. Move
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snmp.conf into /usr/local/share/snmp when you are done.
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Basic MIBs
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A minimum amount of MIBs to have are the Version 2 MIBs from
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Cisco, found at
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ftp://ftp.cisco.com/pub/mibs/v2/v2.tar.gz
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To install them :
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mkdir -p /usr/local/share/snmp/mibs && cd /usr/local/share/snmp/mibs && tar xvfz /path/to/v2.tar.gz
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Version 1 MIBs
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You will also need to install some of the version one MIBs from
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Cisco :
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ftp://ftp.cisco.com/pub/mibs/v1/v1.tar.gz
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Extract
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BRIDGE-MIB
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SNMP-REPEATER-MIB
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STAND-ALONE-ETHERNET-SWITCH-MIB (ESSWITCH-MIB)
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TOKEN-RING-RMON-MIB
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by running
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mkdir -p /usr/local/share/snmp/mibs
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cd /usr/local/share/snmp/mibs
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tar xvfz /path/to/v1.tar.gz BRIDGE-MIB.my SNMP-REPEATER-MIB.my ESSWITCH-MIB.my TOKEN-RING-RMON-MIB.my
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More Specific MIBs
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Some non-cisco subclasses will need MIBs other than the basic
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one available from Cisco.
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Check below under each subclass for requirements.
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DESIGN GOALS
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1. Use of textual MIB leaf identifier and enumerated values
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* All values are retrieved via MIB Leaf node names
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For example SNMP::Info has an entry in its %GLOBALS hash for
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``sysName'' instead of 1.3.6.1.2.1.1.5.
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* Data returned is in the enumerated value form.
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For Example instead of looking up 1.3.6.1.2.1.2.2.1.3 and
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getting back 23
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SNMP::Info will ask for "RFC1213-MIB::ifType" and will get back
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"ppp".
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2. SNMP::Info is easily extended to new devices
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You can create a new subclass for a device by providing four hashes
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: %GLOBALS, %MIBS, %FUNCS, and %MUNGE.
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Or you can override any existing methods from a parent class by
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making a short subroutine.
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See the section EXTENDING SNMP::INFO for more details.
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When you make a new subclass for a device, please be sure to send it
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back to the developers (via Source Forge or the mailing list) for
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inclusion in the next version.
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SUBCLASSES
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These are the subclasses that implement MIBs and support devices:
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Required MIBs not included in the install instructions above are noted
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here.
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MIB Subclasses
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These subclasses implement method to access one or more MIBs. These are
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not used directly, but rather inherited from device subclasses.
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For more info run "perldoc" on any of the following module names.
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SNMP::Info::Bridge
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BRIDGE-MIB (RFC1286). QBRIDGE-MIB. Inherited by devices with Layer2
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support.
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SNMP::Info::CDP
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CISCO-CDP-MIB. Cisco Discovery Protocol (CDP) Support. Inherited by
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devices serving Layer2 or Layer3.
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SNMP::Info::CiscoStack
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CISCO-STACK-MIB and CISCO-PORT-SECURITY-MIB
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SNMP::Info::CiscoStats
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Provides common interfaces for memory, cpu, and os statistics for
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Cisco devices. Provides methods for information in :
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OLD-CISCO-CPU-MIB, CISCO-PROCESS-MIB and CISCO-MEMORY-POOL-MIB
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SNMP::Info::CiscoVTP
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CISCO-VTP-MIB, CISCO-VLAN-MEMBERSHIP-MIB,
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CISCO-VLAN-IFTABLE-RELATIONSHIP-MIB
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SNMP::Info::Entity
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ENTITY-MIB. Used for device info in Cisco and other vendors.
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SNMP::Info::EtherLike
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ETHERLIKE-MIB (RFC1398) - Some Layer3 devices implement this MIB, as
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well as some Aironet Layer 2 devices (non Cisco).
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SNMP::Info::FDP
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Foundry Discovery Protocol. FOUNDRY-SN-SWITCH-GROUP-MIB
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SNMP::Info::MAU
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MAU-MIB (RFC2668). Some Layer2 devices use this for extended
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Ethernet (Media Access Unit) interface information.
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SNMP::Info::NortelStack
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S5-AGENT-MIB, S5-CHASSIS-MIB.
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SNMP::Info::RapidCity
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RAPID-CITY. Inhertited by Nortel Networks switches for duplex and
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VLAN information.
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SNMP::Info::SONMP
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SYNOPTICS-ROOT-MIB, S5-ETH-MULTISEG-TOPOLOGY-MIB. Provides
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translation from Nortel Networks Topology Table information to CDP.
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Inherited by Nortel/Bay switches and hubs.
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Device Subclasses
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These subclasses inherit from one or more classes to provide a common
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interface to data obtainable from network devices.
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All the required MIB files are included in the netdisco-mib package.
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(See Above).
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SNMP::Info::Layer1
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Generic Layer1 Device subclass.
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SNMP::Info::Layer1::Allied
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Subclass for Allied Telesys Repeaters / Hubs.
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Requires ATI-MIB
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See SNMP::Info::Layer1::Allied for where to get MIBs required.
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SNMP::Info::Layer1::Asante
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Subclass for Asante 1012 Hubs.
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Requires ASANTE-HUB1012-MIB
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See SNMP::Info::Layer1::Asante for where to get MIBs required.
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SNMP::Info::Layer1::Bayhub
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Subclass for Nortel/Bay hubs. This includes System 5000, 100
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series, 200 series, and probably more.
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See SNMP::Info::Layer1::Bayhub for where to get MIBs required.
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SNMP::Info::Layer2
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Generic Layer2 Device subclass.
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SNMP::Info::Layer2::Aironet
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Class for Cisco Aironet wireless devices that run IOS. See also
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Layer3::Aironet for Aironet devices that don't run IOS.
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SNMP::Info::Layer2::Allied
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Allied Telesys switches.
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SNMP::Info::Layer2::Bay
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Depricated. Use BayStack.
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SNMP::Info::Layer2::Baystack
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Subclass for Nortel/Bay Baystack switches. This includes 303,
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304, 350, 380, 410, 420, 425, 450, 460, 470, 5510, 5520,
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Business Policy Switch (BPS) and probably others.
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See SNMP::Info::Layer2::Baystack for where to get MIBs required.
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SNMP::Info::Layer2::C1900
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Subclass for Cisco Catalyst 1900 and 1900c Devices running
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CatOS.
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SNMP::Info::Layer2::C2900
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Subclass for Cisco Catalyst 2900, 2950, 3500XL, and 3548 devices
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running IOS.
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SNMP::Info::Layer2::Catalyst
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Subclass for Cisco Catalyst switches running CatOS. These
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switches usually report a model number that starts with "wsc".
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Note that this class does not support everything that has the
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name Catalyst.
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SNMP::Info::Layer2::Centillion
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Subclass for Nortel/Bay Centillion and 5000BH ATM switches.
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See SNMP::Info::Layer2::Centillion for where to get MIBs
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required.
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SNMP::Info::Layer2::HP
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Subclass for HP Procurve Switches
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Requires HP-ICF-OID and ENTITY-MIB downloaded from HP.
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See SNMP::Info::Layer2::HP for more info.
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SNMP::Info::Layer2::NAP222x
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Subclass for Nortel Networks' 222x series wireless access
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points.
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See SNMP::Info::Layer2::NAP222x for where to get MIBs required.
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SNMP::Info::Layer2::Orinoco
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Subclass for Orinoco wireless access points.
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SNMP::Info::Layer2::ZyXEL_DSLAM
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Zyxel DSLAMs. Need I say more?
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SNMP::Info::Layer3
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Generic Layer3 and Layer2+3 Device subclass.
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SNMP::Info::Layer3::Aironet
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Subclass for Cisco Aironet wireless access points (AP) not
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running IOS. These are usually older devices.
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MIBs for these devices now included in v2.tar.gz available from
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ftp.cisco.com.
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Note Layer2::Aironet
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SNMP::Info::Layer3::AlteonAD
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Subclass for Nortel Networks' Alteon Ace Director series L2-7
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switches.
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See SNMP::Info::Layer3::AlteonAD for where to get MIBs required.
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SNMP::Info::Layer3::BayRS
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Subclass for Nortel Networks' BayRS routers. This includes BCN,
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BLN, ASN, ARN, and AN routers.
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See SNMP::Info::Layer3::BayRS for where to get MIBs required.
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SNMP::Info::Layer3::C3550
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Subclass for Cisco Catalyst 3550,3540,3560 2/3 switches running
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IOS.
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SNMP::Info::Layer3::C6500
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This class covers Catalyst 6500s in native mode, hybrid mode.
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Catalyst 4000's, 3750's, 2970's and probably others.
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SNMP::Info::Layer3::Cisco
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This is a simple wrapper around Layer3 for IOS devices. It adds
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on CiscoVTP.
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SNMP::Info::Layer3::Contivity
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Subclass for Nortel Networks' Contivity VPN concentrators.
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See SNMP::Info::Layer3::Contivity for where to get MIBs
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required.
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SNMP::Info::Layer3::Foundry
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Subclass for older Foundry Network devices. Outdated, but being
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updated for newer devices.
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Requires FOUNDRY-SN-ROOT-MIB.
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See SNMP::Info::Layer3::Foundry for more info.
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SNMP::Info::Layer3::Passport
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Subclass for Nortel Networks' Passport 8600 series switches.
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See SNMP::Info::Layer3::Passport for where to get MIBs required.
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Thanks
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Thanks for testing and coding help (in no particular order) to : Andy
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Ford, Brian Wilson, Jean-Philippe Luiggi, D<>na Watanabe, Bradley Baetz,
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Eric Miller, and people listed on the Netdisco README!
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USAGE
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Constructor
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new()
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Creates a new object and connects via SNMP::Session.
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my $info = new SNMP::Info( 'Debug' => 1,
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'AutoSpecify' => 1,
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'BigInt' => 1
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'DestHost' => 'myrouter',
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'Community' => 'public',
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'Version' => 2,
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'MibDirs' => ['dir1','dir2','dir3'],
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) or die;
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SNMP::Info Specific Arguments :
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AutoSpecify = Returns an object of a more specific device class
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*See specify() entry*
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BigInt = Return Math::BigInt objects for 64 bit counters. Sets on a global scope, not object.
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Debug = Prints Lots of debugging messages
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MibDirs = Array ref to list of directories in which to look for MIBs. Note this will
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be in addition to the ones setup in snmp.conf at the system level.
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RetryNoSuch = When using SNMP Version 1, try reading values even if they come back
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as "no such variable in this MIB". Defaults to true, set to false if
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so desired. This feature lets you read SNMPv2 data from an SNMP version
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1 connection, and should probably be left on.
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Session = SNMP::Session object to use instead of connecting on own.
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All other arguments are passed to SNMP::Session.
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See SNMP::Session for a list of other possible arguments.
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A Note about the wrong Community string or wrong SNMP Version :
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If a connection is using the wrong community string or the wrong
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SNMP version, the creation of the object will not fail. The device
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still answers the call on the SNMP port, but will not return
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information. Check the error() method after you create the device
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object to see if there was a problem in connecting.
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A note about SNMP Versions :
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Some older devices don't support SNMP version 2, and will not return
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anything when a connection under Version 2 is attempted.
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Some newer devices will support Version 1, but will not return all
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the data they might have if you had connected under Version 1
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When trying to get info from a new device, you may have to try
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version 2 and then fallback to version 1.
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Data is Cached
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Methods and subroutines requesting data from a device will only load the
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data once, and then return cached versions of that data.
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Run $info->load_METHOD() where method is something like 'i_name' to
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reload data from a table method.
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Run $info->clear_cache() to clear the cache to allow reload of both
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globals and table methods.
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Object Scalar Methods
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These are for package related data, not direcly supplied from SNMP.
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$info->clear_cache()
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Clears the cached data. This includes GLOBALS data and TABLE METHOD
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data.
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$info->debug(1)
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Returns current debug status, and optionally toggles debugging info
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for this object.
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$info->device_type()
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Returns the Subclass name for this device. "SNMP::Info" is returned
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if no more specific class is available.
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First the device is checked for Layer 3 support and a specific
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subclass, then Layer 2 support and subclasses are checked for.
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This means that Layer 2 / 3 switches and routers will fall under the
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SNMP::Info::Layer3 subclasses.
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If the device still can be connected to via SNMP::Info, then
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SNMP::Info is returned.
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Algorithm for Subclass Detection:
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Layer3 Support -> SNMP::Info::Layer3
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Aironet (BR500,AP340,350,1200) -> SNMP::Info::Layer3::Aironet
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AP4800... All Non IOS
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Catalyst 3550,3548,3560 -> SNMP::Info::Layer3::C3550
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Catalyst 6500, 4000, 3750 -> SNMP::Info::Layer3::C6500
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Cisco Generic L3 IOS device -> SNMP::Info::Layer3::Cisco
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Foundry -> SNMP::Info::Layer3::Foundry
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Nortel Passport LAN -> SNMP::Info::Layer3::Passport
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Alteon Ace Director -> SNMP::Info::Layer3::AlteonAD
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Nortel Contivity -> SNMP::Info::Layer3::Contivity
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||
Nortel BayRS Router -> SNMP::Info::Layer3::BayRS
|
||
Elsif Layer2 (no Layer3) -> SNMP::Info::Layer2
|
||
Aironet - IOS Devices -> SNMP::Info::Layer2::Aironet
|
||
Catalyst 1900 -> SNMP::Info::Layer2::C1900
|
||
Catalyst 2900XL,2950,3500XL -> SNMP::Info::Layer2::C2900
|
||
Catalyst 2970 -> SNMP::Info::Layer3::C6500
|
||
Catalyst 3550/3548 -> SNMP::Info::Layer3::C3550
|
||
Catalyst WS-C 2926,5xxx -> SNMP::Info::Layer2::Catalyst
|
||
HP Procurve -> SNMP::Info::Layer2::HP
|
||
Nortel/Bay Centillion ATM -> SNMP::Info::Layer2::Centillion
|
||
Nortel/Bay Baystack -> SNMP::Info::Layer2::Baystack
|
||
Nortel AP 222x -> SNMP::Info::Layer2::NAP222x
|
||
Orinco AP -> SNMP::Info::Layer2::Orinoco
|
||
Elsif Layer1 Support -> SNMP::Info::Layer1
|
||
Allied -> SNMP::Info::Layer1::Allied
|
||
Asante -> SNMP::Info::Layer1::Asante
|
||
Nortel/Bay Hub -> SNMP::Info::Layer1::Bayhub
|
||
Else -> SNMP::Info
|
||
ZyXEL_DSLAM -> SNMP::Info::Layer2::ZyXEL_DSLAM
|
||
|
||
$info->error(no_clear)
|
||
Returns Error message if there is an error, or undef if there is
|
||
not.
|
||
|
||
Reading the error will clear the error unless you set the no_clear
|
||
flag.
|
||
|
||
$info->has_layer(3)
|
||
Returns non-zero if the device has the supplied layer in the OSI
|
||
Model
|
||
|
||
Returns "undef" if the device doesn't support the layers() call.
|
||
|
||
$info->snmp_comm()
|
||
Returns SNMP Community string used in connection.
|
||
|
||
$info->snmp_ver()
|
||
Returns SNMP Version used for this connection
|
||
|
||
$info->specify()
|
||
Returns an object of a more-specific subclass.
|
||
|
||
my $info = new SNMP::Info(...);
|
||
# Returns more specific object type
|
||
$info = $info->specific();
|
||
|
||
Usually this method is called internally from new(AutoSpecify => 1)
|
||
|
||
See device_type() entry for how a subclass is chosen.
|
||
|
||
$info->cisco_comm_indexing()
|
||
Returns 0. Is an overridable method used for vlan indexing for snmp
|
||
calls on certain Cisco devices.
|
||
|
||
See
|
||
<ftp://ftp.cisco.com/pub/mibs/supportlists/wsc5000/wsc5000-community
|
||
Indexing.html>
|
||
|
||
Globals (Scalar Methods)
|
||
|
||
These are methods to return scalar data from RFC1213.
|
||
|
||
Some subset of these is probably available for any network device that
|
||
speaks SNMP.
|
||
|
||
$info->uptime()
|
||
Uptime in hundredths of seconds since device became available.
|
||
|
||
(sysUpTime)
|
||
|
||
$info->contact()
|
||
(sysContact)
|
||
|
||
$info->name()
|
||
(sysName)
|
||
|
||
$info->location()
|
||
(sysLocation)
|
||
|
||
$info->layers()
|
||
This returns a binary encoded string where each digit represents a
|
||
layer of the OSI model served by the device.
|
||
|
||
eg: 01000010 means layers 2 (physical) and 7 (Application)
|
||
are served.
|
||
|
||
Note: This string is 8 digits long.
|
||
|
||
See $info->has_layer()
|
||
|
||
(sysServices)
|
||
|
||
$info->ports()
|
||
Number of interfaces available on this device.
|
||
|
||
Not too useful as the number of SNMP interfaces usually does not
|
||
correspond with the number of physical ports
|
||
|
||
(ifNumber)
|
||
|
||
Table Methods
|
||
|
||
Each of these methods returns a hash_reference to a hash keyed on the
|
||
interface index in SNMP.
|
||
|
||
Example : $info->interfaces() might return
|
||
|
||
{ '1.12' => 'FastEthernet/0',
|
||
'2.15' => 'FastEthernet/1',
|
||
'9.99' => 'FastEthernet/2'
|
||
}
|
||
|
||
The key is what you would see if you were to do an snmpwalk, and in some
|
||
cases changes between reboots of the network device.
|
||
|
||
Partial Table Fetches
|
||
|
||
If you want to get only a part of an SNMP table and you know the IID for
|
||
the part of the table that you want, you can specify it in the call:
|
||
|
||
$local_routes = $info->ipr_route('192.168.0');
|
||
|
||
This will only fetch entries in the table that start with 192.168.0,
|
||
which in this case are routes on the local network.
|
||
|
||
Remember that you must supply the partial IID (a numeric OID).
|
||
|
||
Partial table results are not cached.
|
||
|
||
Interface Information
|
||
|
||
$info->interfaces()
|
||
This methods is overriden in each subclass to provide a mapping
|
||
between the Interface Table Index (iid) and the physical port name.
|
||
|
||
$info->if_ignore()
|
||
Returns a reference to a hash where key values that exist are
|
||
interfaces to ignore.
|
||
|
||
Ignored interfaces are ones that are usually not physical ports or
|
||
Virtual Lans (VLANs) such as the Loopback interface, or the CPU
|
||
interface.
|
||
|
||
$info->i_index()
|
||
Default SNMP IID to Interface index.
|
||
|
||
(ifIndex)
|
||
|
||
$info->i_description()
|
||
Description of the interface. Usually a little longer single word
|
||
name that is both human and machine friendly. Not always.
|
||
|
||
(ifDescr)
|
||
|
||
$info->i_type()
|
||
Interface type, such as Vlan, 10baseT, Ethernet, Serial
|
||
|
||
(ifType)
|
||
|
||
$info->i_mtu()
|
||
INTEGER. Interface MTU value.
|
||
|
||
(ifMtu)
|
||
|
||
$info->i_speed()
|
||
Speed of the link, human format. See munge_speed() later in document
|
||
for details.
|
||
|
||
(ifSpeed)
|
||
|
||
$info->i_mac()
|
||
MAC address of the interface. Note this is just the MAC of the port,
|
||
not anything connected to it.
|
||
|
||
(ifPhysAddress)
|
||
|
||
$info->i_up()
|
||
Link Status of the interface. Typical values are 'up' and 'down'.
|
||
|
||
(ifOperStatus)
|
||
|
||
$info->i_up_admin()
|
||
Administrative status of the port. Typical values are 'enabled' and
|
||
'disabled'.
|
||
|
||
(ifAdminStatus)
|
||
|
||
$info->i_lastchange()
|
||
The value of sysUpTime when this port last changed states (up,down).
|
||
|
||
(IfLastChange)
|
||
|
||
$info->i_name()
|
||
Interface Name field. Supported by a smaller subset of devices, this
|
||
fields is often human set.
|
||
|
||
(ifName)
|
||
|
||
$info->i_alias()
|
||
Interface Name field. For certain devices this is a more human
|
||
friendly form of i_description(). For others it is a human set field
|
||
like i_name().
|
||
|
||
(ifAlias)
|
||
|
||
Interface Statistics
|
||
|
||
$info->i_octet_in(), $info->i_octets_out(), $info->i_octet_in64(),
|
||
$info->i_octets_out64()
|
||
Bandwidth.
|
||
|
||
Number of octets sent/received on the interface including framing
|
||
characters.
|
||
|
||
64 bit version may not exist on all devices.
|
||
|
||
NOTE: To manipulate 64 bit counters you need to use Math::BigInt,
|
||
since the values are too large for a normal Perl scalar. Set the
|
||
global $SNMP::Info::BIGINT to 1 , or pass the BigInt value to new()
|
||
if you want SNMP::Info to do it for you.
|
||
|
||
(ifInOctets) (ifOutOctets) (ifHCInOctets) (ifHCOutOctets)
|
||
|
||
$info->i_errors_in(), $info->i_errors_out()
|
||
Number of packets that contained an error prventing delivery. See
|
||
IF-MIB for more info.
|
||
|
||
(ifInErrors) (ifOutErrors)
|
||
|
||
$info->i_pkts_ucast_in(), $info->i_pkts_ucast_out(),
|
||
$info->i_pkts_ucast_in64(), $info->i_pkts_ucast_out64()
|
||
Number of packets not sent to a multicast or broadcast address.
|
||
|
||
64 bit version may not exist on all devices.
|
||
|
||
(ifInUcastPkts) (ifOutUcastPkts) (ifHCInUcastPkts)
|
||
(ifHCOutUcastPkts)
|
||
|
||
$info->i_pkts_nucast_in(), $info->i_pkts_nucast_out(),
|
||
Number of packets sent to a multicast or broadcast address.
|
||
|
||
These methods are depricated by i_pkts_multi_in() and
|
||
i_pkts_bcast_in() according to IF-MIB. Actual device usage may vary.
|
||
|
||
(ifInNUcastPkts) (ifOutNUcastPkts)
|
||
|
||
$info->i_pkts_multi_in() $info->i_pkts_multi_out(),
|
||
$info->i_pkts_multi_in64(), $info->i_pkts_multi_out64()
|
||
Number of packets sent to a multicast address.
|
||
|
||
64 bit version may not exist on all devices.
|
||
|
||
(ifInMulticastPkts) (ifOutMulticastPkts) (ifHCInMulticastPkts)
|
||
(ifHCOutMulticastPkts)
|
||
|
||
$info->i_pkts_bcast_in() $info->i_pkts_bcast_out(),
|
||
$info->i_pkts_bcast_in64() $info->i_pkts_bcast_out64()
|
||
Number of packets sent to a broadcast address on an interface.
|
||
|
||
64 bit version may not exist on all devices.
|
||
|
||
(ifInBroadcastPkts) (ifOutBroadcastPkts) (ifHCInBroadcastPkts)
|
||
(ifHCOutBroadcastPkts)
|
||
|
||
IP Address Table
|
||
|
||
Each entry in this table is an IP address in use on this device. Usually
|
||
this is implemented in Layer3 Devices.
|
||
|
||
$info->ip_index()
|
||
Maps the IP Table to the IID
|
||
|
||
(ipAdEntIfIndex)
|
||
|
||
$info->ip_table()
|
||
Maps the Table to the IP address
|
||
|
||
(ipAdEntAddr)
|
||
|
||
$info->ip_netmask()
|
||
Gives netmask setting for IP table entry.
|
||
|
||
(ipAdEntNetMask)
|
||
|
||
$info->ip_broadcast()
|
||
Gives broadcast address for IP table entry.
|
||
|
||
(ipAdEntBcastAddr)
|
||
|
||
IP Routing Table
|
||
|
||
$info->ipr_route()
|
||
The route in question. A value of 0.0.0.0 is the default gateway
|
||
route.
|
||
|
||
("ipRouteDest")
|
||
|
||
$info->ipr_if()
|
||
The interface (IID) that the route is on. Use interfaces() to map.
|
||
|
||
("ipRouteIfIndex")
|
||
|
||
$info->ipr_1()
|
||
Primary routing metric for this route.
|
||
|
||
("ipRouteMetric1")
|
||
|
||
$info->ipr_2()
|
||
If metrics are not used, they should be set to -1
|
||
|
||
("ipRouteMetric2")
|
||
|
||
$info->ipr_3()
|
||
("ipRouteMetric3")
|
||
|
||
$info->ipr_4()
|
||
("ipRouteMetric4")
|
||
|
||
$info->ipr_5()
|
||
("ipRouteMetric5")
|
||
|
||
$info->ipr_dest()
|
||
From RFC1213:
|
||
|
||
"The IP address of the next hop of this route.
|
||
(In the case of a route bound to an interface
|
||
which is realized via a broadcast media, the value
|
||
of this field is the agent's IP address on that
|
||
interface.)"
|
||
|
||
("ipRouteNextHop")
|
||
|
||
$info->ipr_type()
|
||
From RFC1213:
|
||
|
||
other(1), -- none of the following
|
||
invalid(2), -- an invalidated route
|
||
-- route to directly
|
||
direct(3), -- connected (sub-)network
|
||
-- route to a non-local
|
||
indirect(4) -- host/network/sub-network
|
||
|
||
"The type of route. Note that the values
|
||
direct(3) and indirect(4) refer to the notion of
|
||
direct and indirect routing in the IP
|
||
architecture.
|
||
|
||
Setting this object to the value invalid(2) has
|
||
the effect of invalidating the corresponding entry
|
||
in the ipRouteTable object. That is, it
|
||
effectively disassociates the destination
|
||
identified with said entry from the route
|
||
identified with said entry. It is an
|
||
implementation-specific matter as to whether the
|
||
agent removes an invalidated entry from the table.
|
||
Accordingly, management stations must be prepared
|
||
to receive tabular information from agents that
|
||
corresponds to entries not currently in use.
|
||
Proper interpretation of such entries requires
|
||
examination of the relevant ipRouteType object."
|
||
|
||
("ipRouteType")
|
||
|
||
$info->ipr_proto()
|
||
From RFC1213:
|
||
|
||
other(1), -- none of the following
|
||
-- non-protocol information,
|
||
-- e.g., manually configured
|
||
local(2), -- entries
|
||
-- set via a network
|
||
netmgmt(3), -- management protocol
|
||
-- obtained via ICMP,
|
||
icmp(4), -- e.g., Redirect
|
||
-- the remaining values are
|
||
-- all gateway routing
|
||
-- protocols
|
||
egp(5),
|
||
ggp(6),
|
||
hello(7),
|
||
rip(8),
|
||
is-is(9),
|
||
es-is(10),
|
||
ciscoIgrp(11),
|
||
bbnSpfIgp(12),
|
||
ospf(13),
|
||
bgp(14)
|
||
|
||
("ipRouteProto")
|
||
|
||
$info->ipr_age()
|
||
Seconds since route was last updated or validated.
|
||
|
||
("ipRouteAge")
|
||
|
||
$info->ipr_mask()
|
||
Subnet Mask of route. 0.0.0.0 for default gateway.
|
||
|
||
("ipRouteMask")
|
||
|
||
$info->ipr_info()
|
||
Reference to MIB definition specific to routing protocol.
|
||
|
||
("ipRouteInfo")
|
||
|
||
SETTING DATA VIA SNMP
|
||
|
||
This section explains how to use SNMP::Info to do SNMP Set operations.
|
||
|
||
$info->set_METHOD($value)
|
||
Sets the global METHOD to value. Assumes that iid is .0
|
||
|
||
Returns undef if failed, or the return value from
|
||
SNMP::Session::set() (snmp_errno)
|
||
|
||
$info->set_location("Here!");
|
||
|
||
$info->set_METHOD($value,$iid)
|
||
Table Methods. Set iid of method to value.
|
||
|
||
Returns undef if failed, or the return value from
|
||
SNMP::Session::set() (snmp_errno)
|
||
|
||
# Disable a port administratively
|
||
my %if_map = reverse %{$info->interfaces()}
|
||
$info->set_i_up_admin('down', $if_map{'FastEthernet0/0'})
|
||
or die "Couldn't disable the port. ",$info->error(1);
|
||
|
||
NOTE: You must be connected to your device with a "ReadWrite" community
|
||
string in order for set operations to work.
|
||
|
||
NOTE: This will only set data listed in %FUNCS and %GLOBALS. For data
|
||
acquired from overriden methods (subroutines) specific set_METHOD()
|
||
subroutines will need to be added if they haven't been already.
|
||
|
||
Quiet Mode
|
||
|
||
SNMP::Info will not chirp anything to STDOUT unless there is a serious
|
||
error (in which case it will probably die).
|
||
|
||
To get lots of debug info, set the Debug flag when calling new() or call
|
||
$info->debug(1);
|
||
|
||
When calling a method check the return value. If the return value is
|
||
undef then check $info->error()
|
||
|
||
Beware, calling $info->error() clears the error.
|
||
|
||
my $name = $info->name() or die "Couldn't get sysName!" . $name->error();
|
||
|
||
EXTENDING SNMP::INFO
|
||
|
||
Data Structures required in new Subclass
|
||
|
||
A class inheriting this class must implement these data structures :
|
||
|
||
$INIT
|
||
Used to flag if the MIBs have been loaded yet.
|
||
|
||
%GLOBALS
|
||
Contains a hash in the form ( method_name => SNMP iid name ) These
|
||
are scalar values such as name,uptime, etc.
|
||
|
||
When choosing the name for the methods, be aware that other new Sub
|
||
Modules might inherit this one to get it's features. Try to choose a
|
||
prefix for methods that will give it's own name space inside the
|
||
SNMP::Info methods.
|
||
|
||
%FUNCS
|
||
Contains a hash in the form ( method_name => SNMP iid) These are
|
||
table entries, such as the IfIndex
|
||
|
||
%MIBS
|
||
A list of each mib needed.
|
||
|
||
('MIB-NAME' => 'itemToTestForPresence')
|
||
|
||
The value for each entry should be a MIB object to check for to make
|
||
sure that the MIB is present and has loaded correctly.
|
||
|
||
$info->init() will throw an exception if a MIB does not load.
|
||
|
||
%MUNGE
|
||
A map between method calls (from %FUNCS or %GLOBALS) and subroutine
|
||
methods. The subroutine called will be passed the data as it gets it
|
||
from SNMP and it should return that same data in a more human
|
||
friendly format.
|
||
|
||
Sample %MUNGE:
|
||
|
||
(my_ip => \&munge_ip,
|
||
my_mac => \&munge_mac,
|
||
my_layers => \&munge_dec2bin
|
||
)
|
||
|
||
Sample Subclass
|
||
|
||
Let's make a sample Layer 2 Device subclass. This class will inherit the
|
||
Cisco Vlan module as an example.
|
||
|
||
----------------------- snip --------------------------------
|
||
|
||
# SNMP::Info::Layer2::Sample
|
||
|
||
package SNMP::Info::Layer2::Sample;
|
||
|
||
$VERSION = 0.1;
|
||
|
||
use strict;
|
||
|
||
use Exporter;
|
||
use SNMP::Info::Layer2;
|
||
use SNMP::Info::CiscoVTP;
|
||
|
||
@SNMP::Info::Layer2::Sample::ISA = qw/SNMP::Info::Layer2
|
||
SNMP::Info::CiscoVTP Exporter/;
|
||
@SNMP::Info::Layer2::Sample::EXPORT_OK = qw//;
|
||
|
||
use vars qw/$VERSION %FUNCS %GLOBALS %MIBS %MUNGE $AUTOLOAD $INIT $DEBUG/;
|
||
|
||
%MIBS = (%SNMP::Info::Layer2::MIBS,
|
||
%SNMP::Info::CiscoVTP::MIBS,
|
||
'SUPER-DOOPER-MIB' => 'supermibobject'
|
||
);
|
||
|
||
%GLOBALS = (%SNMP::Info::Layer2::GLOBALS,
|
||
%SNMP::Info::CiscoVTP::GLOBALS,
|
||
'name' => 'supermib_supername',
|
||
'favorite_color' => 'supermib_fav_color_object',
|
||
'favorite_movie' => 'supermib_fav_movie_val'
|
||
);
|
||
|
||
%FUNCS = (%SNMP::Info::Layer2::FUNCS,
|
||
%SNMP::Info::CiscoVTP::FUNCS,
|
||
# Super Dooper MIB - Super Hero Table
|
||
'super_hero_index' => 'SuperHeroIfIndex',
|
||
'super_hero_name' => 'SuperHeroIfName',
|
||
'super_hero_powers' => 'SuperHeroIfPowers'
|
||
);
|
||
|
||
%MUNGE = (%SNMP::Info::Layer2::MUNGE,
|
||
%SNMP::Info::CiscoVTP::MUNGE,
|
||
'super_hero_powers' => \&munge_powers
|
||
);
|
||
|
||
# OverRide uptime() method from %SNMP::Info::GLOBALS
|
||
sub uptime {
|
||
my $sample = shift;
|
||
|
||
my $name = $sample->name();
|
||
|
||
# this is silly but you get the idea
|
||
return '600' if defined $name ;
|
||
}
|
||
|
||
# Create our own munge function
|
||
sub munge_powers {
|
||
my $power = shift;
|
||
|
||
# Take the returned obscure value and return something useful.
|
||
return 'Fire' if $power =~ /reallyhot/i;
|
||
return 'Ice' if $power =~ /reallycold/i;
|
||
|
||
# Else
|
||
return $power;
|
||
}
|
||
|
||
# Copious Documentation here!!!
|
||
=head1 NAME
|
||
=head1 AUTHOR
|
||
=head1 SYNOPSIS
|
||
=head1 DESCRIPTION
|
||
=head2 Inherited Classes
|
||
=head2 Required MIBs
|
||
=head1 GLOBALS
|
||
=head2 Overrides
|
||
=head1 TABLE METHODS
|
||
=head2 Overrides
|
||
=cut
|
||
|
||
1; # don't forget this line
|
||
----------------------- snip --------------------------------
|
||
|
||
Be sure and send the debugged version to
|
||
snmp-info-users@lists.sourceforge.net to be included in the next version
|
||
of SNMP::Info.
|
||
|
||
SNMP::INFO INTERNALS
|
||
|
||
Object Namespace
|
||
|
||
Internal data is stored with bareword keys. For example $info->{debug}
|
||
|
||
SNMP Data is stored or marked cached with keys starting with an
|
||
underscore. For example $info->{_name} is the cache for $info->name().
|
||
|
||
Cached Table data is stored in $info->store() and marked cached per
|
||
above.
|
||
|
||
Package Globals
|
||
|
||
These set the default value for an object upon creation.
|
||
|
||
$DEBUG
|
||
Default 0. Sends copious debug info to stdout. This global sets the
|
||
object's debug status in new() unless 'Debug' argument passed in
|
||
new(). Change objects' debug status with $info->debug().
|
||
|
||
$BIGINT
|
||
Default 0. Set to true to have 64 bit counters return Math::BigInt
|
||
objects instead of scalar string values. See note under Interface
|
||
Statistics about 64 bit values.
|
||
|
||
$NOSUCH
|
||
Default 1. Set to false to disable RetryNoSuch option for
|
||
SNMP::Session. Or see method in new() to do it on an object scope.
|
||
|
||
Data Munging Callback Subroutines
|
||
|
||
munge_speed()
|
||
Makes human friendly speed ratings using %SPEED_MAP
|
||
|
||
%SPEED_MAP = (
|
||
'56000' => '56 kbps',
|
||
'64000' => '64 kbps',
|
||
'1500000' => '1.5 Mbps',
|
||
'1536000' => 'T1',
|
||
'1544000' => 'T1',
|
||
'2000000' => '2.0 Mbps',
|
||
'2048000' => '2.048 Mbps',
|
||
'3072000' => 'Dual T1',
|
||
'3088000' => 'Dual T1',
|
||
'4000000' => '4.0 Mbps',
|
||
'10000000' => '10 Mbps',
|
||
'11000000' => '11 Mbps',
|
||
'20000000' => '20 Mbps',
|
||
'16000000' => '16 Mbps',
|
||
'16777216' => '16 Mbps',
|
||
'44210000' => 'T3',
|
||
'44736000' => 'T3',
|
||
'45000000' => '45 Mbps',
|
||
'45045000' => 'DS3',
|
||
'46359642' => 'DS3',
|
||
'64000000' => '64 Mbps',
|
||
'100000000' => '100 Mbps',
|
||
'149760000' => 'ATM on OC-3',
|
||
'155000000' => 'OC-3',
|
||
'155519000' => 'OC-3',
|
||
'155520000' => 'OC-3',
|
||
'400000000' => '400 Mbps',
|
||
'599040000' => 'ATM on OC-12',
|
||
'622000000' => 'OC-12',
|
||
'622080000' => 'OC-12',
|
||
'1000000000' => '1.0 Gbps',
|
||
)
|
||
|
||
munge_ip()
|
||
Takes a binary IP and makes it dotted ASCII
|
||
|
||
munge_mac()
|
||
Takes an octet stream (HEX-STRING) and returns a colon separated
|
||
ASCII hex string.
|
||
|
||
munge_octet2hex()
|
||
Takes a binary octet stream and returns an ASCII hex string
|
||
|
||
munge_dec2bin()
|
||
Takes a binary char and returns its ASCII binary representation
|
||
|
||
munge_bits
|
||
Takes a SNMP2 'BITS' field and returns the ASCII bit string
|
||
|
||
munge_counter64
|
||
If $BIGINT is set to true, then a Math::BigInt object is returned.
|
||
See Math::BigInt for details.
|
||
|
||
Internaly Used Functions
|
||
|
||
$info->init()
|
||
Used internally. Loads all entries in %MIBS.
|
||
|
||
$info->args()
|
||
Returns a reference to the argument hash supplied to SNMP::Session
|
||
|
||
$info->class()
|
||
Returns the class name of the object.
|
||
|
||
$info->error_throw(error message)
|
||
Stores the error message for use by $info->error()
|
||
|
||
If $info->debug() is true, then the error message is carped too.
|
||
|
||
$info->funcs()
|
||
Returns a reference to the %FUNCS hash.
|
||
|
||
$info->globals()
|
||
Returns a reference to the %GLOBALS hash.
|
||
|
||
$info->mibs()
|
||
Returns a reference to the %MIBS hash.
|
||
|
||
$info->munge()
|
||
Returns a reference ot the %MUNGE hash.
|
||
|
||
$info->nosuch()
|
||
Returns NoSuch value set or not in new()
|
||
|
||
$info->session()
|
||
Gets or Sets the SNMP::Session object.
|
||
|
||
$info->store(new_store)
|
||
Returns or sets hash store for Table functions.
|
||
|
||
Store is a hash reference in this format :
|
||
|
||
$info->store = { attribute => { iid => value , iid2 => value2, ... }
|
||
};
|
||
|
||
$info->_global()
|
||
Used internally by AUTOLOAD to load dynamic methods from %GLOBALS.
|
||
|
||
Example: $info->name() calls autoload which calls
|
||
$info->_global('name').
|
||
|
||
$info->_set(attr,val,iid)
|
||
Used internally by AUTOLOAD to run an SNMP set command for dynamic
|
||
methods listed in either %GLOBALS or %FUNCS.
|
||
|
||
Example: $info->set_name('dog',3) uses autoload to resolve to
|
||
$info->_set('name','dog',3);
|
||
|
||
$info->load_all()
|
||
Debugging routine. This does not include any overriden method or
|
||
method implemented by subroutine.
|
||
|
||
Runs $info->load_METHOD() for each entry in $info->funcs();
|
||
|
||
Returns $info->store() -- See store() entry.
|
||
|
||
Note return value has changed since version 0.3
|
||
|
||
$info->all()
|
||
Runs $info->load_all() once then returns $info->store();
|
||
|
||
Use $info->load_all() to reload the data.
|
||
|
||
Note return value has changed since version 0.3
|
||
|
||
$info->_load_attr()
|
||
Used internally by AUTOLOAD to fetch data called from methods listed
|
||
in %FUNCS.
|
||
|
||
Called from $info->load_METHOD();
|
||
|
||
$info->_show_attr()
|
||
Used internaly by AUTOLOAD to return data called by methods listed
|
||
in %FUNCS.
|
||
|
||
Called like $info->METHOD().
|
||
|
||
The first time ran, it will call $info->load_METHOD(). Every time
|
||
after it will return cached data.
|
||
|
||
AUTOLOAD
|
||
|
||
Each entry in either %FUNCS or %GLOBALS is used by AUTOLOAD() to create
|
||
dynamic methods.
|
||
|
||
Note that this AUTOLOAD is going to be run for all the classes listed in
|
||
the @ISA array in a subclass, so will be called with a variety of
|
||
package names. We check the %FUNCS and %GLOBALS of the package that is
|
||
doing the calling at this given instant.
|
||
|
||
1. Returns unless method is listed in %FUNCS or %GLOBALS for given class
|
||
2. If the method exists in %GLOBALS it runs $info->_global(method)
|
||
unless already cached.
|
||
3. Method is in %FUNCS
|
||
4. Run $info->_load_attr(method) if not cached
|
||
5. Return $info->_show_attr(method).
|
||
|
||
Override any dynamic method listed in one of these hashes by creating a
|
||
subroutine with the same name.
|
||
|
||
For example to override $info->name() create `` sub name {...}'' in your
|
||
subclass.
|
||
|
||
COPYRIGHT AND LICENCE
|
||
|
||
Changes from SNMP::Info Version 0.7 and on are: Copyright (c)2003, 2004
|
||
Max Baker - All rights reserved.
|
||
|
||
Original Code is: Copyright (c) 2002-3, Regents of the University of
|
||
California All rights reserved.
|
||
|
||
Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
|
||
modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions are
|
||
met:
|
||
|
||
* Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright notice,
|
||
this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
|
||
* Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright notice,
|
||
this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the documentation
|
||
and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
|
||
* Neither the name of the University of California, Santa Cruz nor the
|
||
names of its contributors may be used to endorse or promote products
|
||
derived from this software without specific prior written permission.
|
||
|
||
THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS "AS
|
||
IS" AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED
|
||
TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A
|
||
PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT OWNER
|
||
OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL,
|
||
EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO,
|
||
PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR
|
||
PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF
|
||
LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING
|
||
NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS
|
||
SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
|
||
|