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snmp-info/README
Oliver Gorwits 7621b30bc2 release 3.52
2018-03-19 18:07:51 +00:00

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NAME
SNMP::Info - OO Interface to Network devices and MIBs through SNMP
VERSION
SNMP::Info - Version 3.52
AUTHOR
SNMP::Info is maintained by team of Open Source authors headed by Eric
Miller, Bill Fenner, Max Baker, Jeroen van Ingen and Oliver Gorwits.
Please visit http://sourceforge.net/projects/snmp-info/ for most
up-to-date list of developers.
SNMP::Info was originally created at UCSC for the Netdisco project
http://netdisco.org by Max Baker.
DEVICES SUPPORTED
There are now generic classes for most types of device and so the
authors recommend loading SNMP::Info with AutoSpecify, and then
reporting to the mail list any missing functionality (such as neighbor
discovery tables).
SYNOPSIS
use SNMP::Info;
my $info = new SNMP::Info(
# Auto Discover more specific Device Class
AutoSpecify => 1,
Debug => 1,
# The rest is passed to SNMP::Session
DestHost => 'router',
Community => 'public',
Version => 2
) or die "Can't connect to device.\n";
my $err = $info->error();
die "SNMP Community or Version probably wrong connecting to device. $err\n" if defined $err;
$name = $info->name();
$class = $info->class();
print "SNMP::Info is using this device class : $class\n";
# Find out the Duplex status for the ports
my $interfaces = $info->interfaces();
my $i_duplex = $info->i_duplex();
# Get CDP Neighbor info
my $c_if = $info->c_if();
my $c_ip = $info->c_ip();
my $c_port = $info->c_port();
# Print out data per port
foreach my $iid (keys %$interfaces){
my $duplex = $i_duplex->{$iid};
# Print out physical port name, not snmp iid
my $port = $interfaces->{$iid};
print "$port: ";
print "$duplex duplex" if defined $duplex;
# The CDP Table has table entries different than the interface tables.
# So we use c_if to get the map from cdp table to interface table.
my %c_map = reverse %$c_if;
my $c_key = $c_map{$iid};
unless (defined $c_key) {
print "\n\n";
next;
}
my $neighbor_ip = $c_ip->{$c_key};
my $neighbor_port = $c_port->{$c_key};
print " connected to $neighbor_ip / $neighbor_port\n" if defined $neighbor_ip;
print "\n";
}
SUPPORT
Please direct all support, help, and bug requests to the
snmp-info-users Mailing List at
http://lists.sourceforge.net/lists/listinfo/snmp-info-users.
DESCRIPTION
SNMP::Info gives an object oriented interface to information obtained
through SNMP.
This module is geared towards network devices. Subclasses exist for a
number of network devices and common MIBs.
The idea behind this module is to give a common interface to data from
network devices, leaving the device-specific hacks behind the scenes in
subclasses.
In the SYNOPSIS example we fetch the name of all the ports on the
device and the duplex setting for that port with two methods --
interfaces() and i_duplex().
The information may be coming from any number of MIB files and is very
vendor specific. SNMP::Info provides you a common method for all
supported devices.
Adding support for your own device is easy, and takes little SNMP
knowledge.
The module is not limited to network devices. Any MIB or device can be
given an objected oriented front-end by making a module that consists
of a couple hashes. See EXTENDING SNMP::INFO.
REQUIREMENTS
1. Net-SNMP
To use this module, you must have Net-SNMP installed on your system.
More specifically you need the Perl modules that come with it.
DO NOT INSTALL SNMP:: or Net::SNMP from CPAN!
The SNMP module is matched to an install of net-snmp, and must be
installed from the net-snmp source tree.
The Perl module SNMP is found inside the net-snmp distribution. Go to
the perl/ directory of the distribution to install it, or run
./configure --with-perl-modules from the top directory of the
net-snmp distribution.
Net-SNMP can be found at http://net-snmp.sourceforge.net
Version 5.3.2 or greater is recommended.
Versions 5.0.1, 5.0301 and 5.0203 have issues with bulkwalk and are
not supported.
Redhat Users: Some versions that come with certain versions of
Redhat/Fedora don't have the Perl library installed. Uninstall the
RPM and install by hand.
2. MIBS
SNMP::Info operates on textual descriptors found in MIBs.
If you are using SNMP::Info separate from Netdisco, download the
Netdisco MIB package at
http://sourceforge.net/projects/netdisco/files/netdisco-mibs/latest-s
napshot/
Make sure that your snmp.conf is updated to point to your MIB
directory and that the MIBs are world-readable.
DESIGN GOALS
1. Use of textual MIB leaf identifier and enumerated values
* All values are retrieved via MIB Leaf node names
For example SNMP::Info has an entry in its %GLOBALS hash for
``sysName'' instead of 1.3.6.1.2.1.1.5.
* Data returned is in the enumerated value form.
For Example instead of looking up 1.3.6.1.2.1.2.2.1.3 and getting
back 23
SNMP::Info will ask for RFC1213-MIB::ifType and will get back ppp.
2. SNMP::Info is easily extended to new devices
You can create a new subclass for a device by providing four hashes :
%GLOBALS, %MIBS, %FUNCS, and %MUNGE.
Or you can override any existing methods from a parent class by
making a short subroutine.
See the section EXTENDING SNMP::INFO for more details.
When you make a new subclass for a device, please be sure to send it
back to the developers (via Source Forge or the mailing list) for
inclusion in the next version.
SUBCLASSES
These are the subclasses that implement MIBs and support devices:
Required MIBs not included in the install instructions above are noted
here.
MIB Subclasses
These subclasses implement method to access one or more MIBs. These are
not used directly, but rather inherited from device subclasses.
For more info run perldoc on any of the following module names.
SNMP::Info::AdslLine
SNMP Interface to the ADSL-LINE-MIB for ADSL interfaces.
Requires the ADSL-LINE-MIB, down loadable from Cisco.
See documentation in SNMP::Info::AdslLine for details.
SNMP::Info::Aggregate
SNMP Interface to IF-MIB ifStackTable Aggregated Links
See documentation in SNMP::Info::Aggregate for details.
SNMP::Info::Airespace
AIRESPACE-WIRELESS-MIB and AIRESPACE-SWITCHING-MIB. Inherited by
devices based on the Airespace wireless platform.
See documentation in SNMP::Info::Airespace for details.
SNMP::Info::AMAP
ALCATEL-IND1-INTERSWITCH-PROTOCOL-MIB. Alcatel Mapping Adjacency
Protocol (AMAP) Support.
See documentation in SNMP::Info::AMAP for details.
SNMP::Info::Bridge
BRIDGE-MIB (RFC1286). QBRIDGE-MIB. Inherited by devices with Layer2
support.
See documentation in SNMP::Info::Bridge for details.
SNMP::Info::CiscoAgg
SNMP Interface to Cisco Aggregated Links
See documentation in SNMP::Info::CiscoAgg for details.
SNMP::Info::CDP
CISCO-CDP-MIB. Cisco Discovery Protocol (CDP) Support. Inherited by
Cisco, Enterasys, and HP devices.
See documentation in SNMP::Info::CDP for details.
SNMP::Info::CiscoConfig
CISCO-CONFIG-COPY-MIB, CISCO-FLASH-MIB, and OLD-CISCO-SYS-MIB. These
OIDs facilitate the writing of configuration files.
See documentation in SNMP::Info::CiscoConfig for details.
SNMP::Info::CiscoPortSecurity
CISCO-PORT-SECURITY-MIB and CISCO-PAE-MIB.
See documentation in SNMP::Info::CiscoPortSecurity for details.
SNMP::Info::CiscoPower
CISCO-POWER-ETHERNET-EXT-MIB.
See documentation in SNMP::Info::CiscoPower for details.
SNMP::Info::CiscoQOS
CISCO-CLASS-BASED-QOS-MIB. A collection of OIDs providing information
about a Cisco device's QOS config.
See documentation in SNMP::Info::CiscoQOS for details.
SNMP::Info::CiscoRTT
CISCO-RTTMON-MIB. A collection of OIDs providing information about a
Cisco device's RTT values.
See documentation in SNMP::Info::CiscoRTT for details.
SNMP::Info::CiscoStack
CISCO-STACK-MIB.
See documentation in SNMP::Info::CiscoStack for details.
SNMP::Info::CiscoStpExtensions
CISCO-STP-EXTENSIONS-MIB
See documentation in SNMP::Info::CiscoStpExtensions for details.
SNMP::Info::CiscoStats
OLD-CISCO-CPU-MIB, CISCO-PROCESS-MIB, and CISCO-MEMORY-POOL-MIB.
Provides common interfaces for memory, cpu, and os statistics for
Cisco devices.
See documentation in SNMP::Info::CiscoStats for details.
SNMP::Info::CiscoVTP
CISCO-VTP-MIB, CISCO-VLAN-MEMBERSHIP-MIB,
CISCO-VLAN-IFTABLE-RELATIONSHIP-MIB
See documentation in SNMP::Info::CiscoVTP for details.
SNMP::Info::EDP
Extreme Discovery Protocol. EXTREME-EDP-MIB
See documentation in SNMP::Info::EDP for details.
SNMP::Info::Entity
ENTITY-MIB. Used for device info in Cisco and other vendors.
See documentation in SNMP::Info::Entity for details.
SNMP::Info::EtherLike
EtherLike-MIB (RFC1398) - Some Layer3 devices implement this MIB, as
well as some Aironet Layer 2 devices (non Cisco).
See documentation in SNMP::Info::EtherLike for details.
SNMP::Info::FDP
Foundry (Brocade) Discovery Protocol. FOUNDRY-SN-SWITCH-GROUP-MIB
See documentation in SNMP::Info::FDP for details.
SNMP::Info::IPv6
SNMP Interface for obtaining configured IPv6 addresses and mapping
IPv6 addresses to MAC addresses and interfaces, using information
from IP-MIB, IPV6-MIB and/or CISCO-IETF-IP-MIB.
See documentation in SNMP::Info::IPv6 for details.
SNMP::Info::IEEE802dot11
IEEE802dot11-MIB. A collection of OIDs providing information about
standards based 802.11 wireless devices.
See documentation in SNMP::Info::IEEE802dot11 for details.
SNMP::Info::IEEE802dot3ad
SNMP Interface to IEEE Aggregated Links. IEEE8023-LAG-MIB
See documentation in SNMP::Info::IEEE802dot3ad for details.
SNMP::Info::LLDP
LLDP-MIB, LLDP-EXT-DOT1-MIB, and LLDP-EXT-DOT3-MIB. Link Layer
Discovery Protocol (LLDP) Support.
See documentation in SNMP::Info::LLDP for details.
SNMP::Info::MAU
MAU-MIB (RFC2668). Some Layer2 devices use this for extended Ethernet
(Media Access Unit) interface information.
See documentation in SNMP::Info::MAU for details.
SNMP::Info::MRO
Method resolution introspection for SNMP::Info
See documentation in SNMP::Info::MRO for details.
SNMP::Info::NortelStack
S5-AGENT-MIB, S5-CHASSIS-MIB.
See documentation in SNMP::Info::NortelStack for details.
SNMP::Info::PowerEthernet
POWER-ETHERNET-MIB
See documentation in SNMP::Info::PowerEthernet for details.
SNMP::Info::RapidCity
RAPID-CITY. Inherited by Avaya switches for duplex and VLAN
information.
See documentation in SNMP::Info::RapidCity for details.
SNMP::Info::SONMP
SynOptics Network Management Protocol (SONMP) SYNOPTICS-ROOT-MIB,
S5-ETH-MULTISEG-TOPOLOGY-MIB. Inherited by Avaya/Nortel/Bay/Synoptics
switches and hubs.
See documentation in SNMP::Info::SONMP for details.
Device Subclasses
These subclasses inherit from one or more classes to provide a common
interface to data obtainable from network devices.
All the required MIB files are included in the netdisco-mib package.
(See Above).
SNMP::Info::Layer1
Generic Layer1 Device subclass.
See documentation in SNMP::Info::Layer1 for details.
SNMP::Info::Layer1::Allied
Subclass for Allied Telesis Repeaters / Hubs.
Requires ATI-MIB
See documentation in SNMP::Info::Layer1::Allied for details.
SNMP::Info::Layer1::Asante
Subclass for Asante 1012 Hubs.
Requires ASANTE-HUB1012-MIB
See documentation in SNMP::Info::Layer1::Asante for details.
SNMP::Info::Layer1::Bayhub
Subclass for Nortel/Bay hubs. This includes System 5000, 100
series, 200 series, and probably more.
See documentation in SNMP::Info::Layer1::Bayhub for details.
SNMP::Info::Layer1::Cyclades
Subclass for Cyclades terminal servers.
See documentation in SNMP::Info::Layer1::Cyclades for details.
SNMP::Info::Layer1::S3000
Subclass for Bay/Synoptics hubs. This includes System 3000, 281X,
and probably more.
See documentation in SNMP::Info::Layer1::S3000 for details.
SNMP::Info::Layer2
Generic Layer2 Device subclass.
See documentation in SNMP::Info::Layer2 for details.
SNMP::Info::Layer2::3Com
SNMP::Info::Layer2::3Com - SNMP Interface to L2 3Com Switches
See documentation in SNMP::Info::Layer2::3Com for details.
SNMP::Info::Layer2::Adtran
Subclass for Adtran devices.
See documentation in SNMP::Info::Layer2::Adtran for details.
SNMP::Info::Layer2::Airespace
Subclass for Cisco (Airespace) wireless controllers.
See documentation in SNMP::Info::Layer2::Airespace for details.
SNMP::Info::Layer2::Aironet
Class for Cisco Aironet wireless devices that run IOS. See also
Layer3::Aironet for Aironet devices that don't run IOS.
See documentation in SNMP::Info::Layer2::Aironet for details.
SNMP::Info::Layer2::Allied
Allied Telesis switches.
See documentation in SNMP::Info::Layer2::Allied for details.
SNMP::Info::Layer2::Baystack
Subclass for Avaya/Nortel/Bay Ethernet Switch/Baystack switches.
This includes 303, 304, 350, 380, 410, 420, 425, 450, 460, 470
series, 2500 series, 4000 series, 5000 series, Business Ethernet
Switch (BES), Business Policy Switch (BPS), VSP 7000 series, and
probably others.
See documentation in SNMP::Info::Layer2::Baystack for details.
SNMP::Info::Layer2::Kentrox
Class for Kentrox DataSMART DSU/CSU. See
SNMP::Info::Layer2::Kentrox for details.
SNMP::Info::Layer2::C1900
Subclass for Cisco Catalyst 1900 and 1900c Devices running CatOS.
See documentation in SNMP::Info::Layer2::C1900 for details.
SNMP::Info::Layer2::C2900
Subclass for Cisco Catalyst 2900, 2950, 3500XL, and 3548 devices
running IOS.
See documentation in SNMP::Info::Layer2::C2900 for details.
SNMP::Info::Layer2::Catalyst
Subclass for Cisco Catalyst switches running CatOS. These switches
usually report a model number that starts with wsc. Note that this
class does not support everything that has the name Catalyst.
See documentation in SNMP::Info::Layer2::Catalyst for details.
SNMP::Info::Layer2::Centillion
Subclass for Nortel/Bay Centillion and 5000BH ATM switches.
See documentation in SNMP::Info::Layer2::Centillion for details.
SNMP::Info::Layer2::Cisco
Generic Cisco subclass for layer 2 devices that are not yet
supported in more specific subclassesand the base layer 2 Cisco
class for other device specific layer 2 Cisco classes.
See documentation in SNMP::Info::Layer2::Cisco for details.
SNMP::Info::Layer2::CiscoSB
Subclass for Cisco's "Small Business" product line, acquired from
Linksys. This currently comprises the Sx300/500 line of switches.
See documentation in SNMP::Info::Layer2::CiscoSB for details.
SNMP::Info::Layer2::HP
Subclass for more recent HP Procurve Switches
Requires HP-ICF-OID and ENTITY-MIB downloaded from HP.
See documentation in SNMP::Info::Layer2::HP for details.
SNMP::Info::Layer2::HP4000
Subclass for older HP Procurve Switches
Requires HP-ICF-OID and ENTITY-MIB downloaded from HP.
See documentation in SNMP::Info::Layer2::HP4000 for details.
SNMP::Info::Layer2::HPVC
Subclass for HP Virtual Connect Switches
See documentation in SNMP::Info::Layer2::HPVC for details.
SNMP::Info::Layer2::N2270
Subclass for Nortel 2270 wireless switches.
See documentation in SNMP::Info::Layer2::N2270 for details.
SNMP::Info::Layer2::NAP222x
Subclass for Nortel 222x series wireless access points.
See documentation in SNMP::Info::Layer2::NAP222x for details.
SNMP::Info::Layer2::Netgear
Subclass for Netgear switches
See documentation in SNMP::Info::Layer2::Netgear for details.
SNMP::Info::Layer2::NWSS2300
SNMP Interface to Avaya (Trapeze) Wireless Controllers
See documentation in SNMP::Info::Layer2::NWSS2300 for details.
SNMP::Info::Layer2::Orinoco
Subclass for Orinoco/Proxim wireless access points.
See documentation in SNMP::Info::Layer2::Orinoco for details.
SNMP::Info::Layer2::Trapeze
SNMP Interface to Juniper (Trapeze) Wireless Controllers
See documentation in SNMP::Info::Layer2::Trapeze for details.
SNMP::Info::Layer2::Ubiquiti
SNMP Interface to Ubiquiti Access Points and other devices
See documentation in SNMP::Info::Layer2::Ubiquiti for details.
SNMP::Info::Layer2::ZyXEL_DSLAM
Zyxel DSLAMs. Need I say more?
See documentation in SNMP::Info::Layer2::ZyXEL_DSLAM for details.
SNMP::Info::Layer3
Generic Layer3 and Layer2+3 Device subclass.
See documentation in SNMP::Info::Layer3 for details.
SNMP::Info::Layer3::Aironet
Subclass for Cisco Aironet wireless access points (AP) not running
IOS. These are usually older devices.
MIBs for these devices now included in v2.tar.gz available from
ftp.cisco.com.
Note Layer2::Aironet
See documentation in SNMP::Info::Layer3::Aironet for details.
SNMP::Info::Layer3::AlcatelLucent
Alcatel-Lucent OmniSwitch Class.
See documentation in SNMP::Info::Layer3::AlcatelLucent for details.
SNMP::Info::Layer3::AlteonAD
Subclass for Radware Alteon Series ADC switches and Nortel
BladeCenter Layer2-3 GbE Switch Modules.
See documentation in SNMP::Info::Layer3::AlteonAD for details.
SNMP::Info::Layer3::Altiga
See documentation in SNMP::Info::Layer3::Altiga for details.
SNMP::Info::Layer3::Arista
See documentation in SNMP::Info::Layer3::Arista for details.
SNMP::Info::Layer3::Aruba
Subclass for Aruba wireless switches.
See documentation in SNMP::Info::Layer3::Aruba for details.
SNMP::Info::Layer3::BayRS
Subclass for Avaya/Nortel/Bay Multiprotocol/BayRS routers. This
includes BCN, BLN, ASN, ARN, AN, 2430, and 5430 routers.
See documentation in SNMP::Info::Layer3::BayRS for details.
SNMP::Info::Layer3::BlueCoatSG
Subclass for Blue Coat SG series proxy devices.
See documentation in SNMP::Info::Layer3::BlueCoatSG for details.
SNMP::Info::Layer3::C3550
Subclass for Cisco Catalyst 3550,3540,3560 2/3 switches running
IOS.
See documentation in SNMP::Info::Layer3::C3550 for details.
SNMP::Info::Layer3::C4000
This class covers Catalyst 4000s and 4500s.
See documentation in SNMP::Info::Layer3::C4000 for details.
SNMP::Info::Layer3::C6500
This class covers Catalyst 6500s in native mode, hybrid mode.
Catalyst 3750's, 2970's and probably others.
See documentation in SNMP::Info::Layer3::C6500 for details.
SNMP::Info::Layer3::CheckPoint
Subclass for CheckPoint devices
See documentation in SNMP::Info::Layer3::CheckPoint for details.
SNMP::Info::Layer3::Cisco
This is a simple wrapper around layer 3 for IOS devices and the
base layer 3 Cisco class for other device specific layer 3 Cisco
classes.
See documentation in SNMP::Info::Layer3::Cisco for details.
SNMP::Info::Layer3::CiscoASA
Subclass for Cisco Adaptive Security Appliances.
See documentation in SNMP::Info::Layer3::CiscoASA for details.
SNMP::Info::Layer3::CiscoFWSM
Subclass for Cisco Firewall Services Modules.
See documentation in SNMP::Info::Layer3::CiscoFWSM for details.
SNMP::Info::Layer3::CiscoSwitch
Base class for L3 Cisco switches. See documentation in
SNMP::Info::Layer3::CiscoSwitch for details.
SNMP::Info::Layer3::Contivity
Subclass for Avaya/Nortel Contivity/VPN Routers.
See documentation in SNMP::Info::Layer3::Contivity for details.
SNMP::Info::Layer3::Cumulus
Subclass for Cumulus Networks Routers.
See documentation in SNMP::Info::Layer3::Cumulus for details.
SNMP::Info::Layer3::DLink
Subclass for DLink devices.
See documentation in SNMP::Info::Layer3::DLink for details.
SNMP::Info::Layer3::Dell
Subclass for Dell PowerConnect switches. D-Link, the IBM
BladeCenter Gigabit Ethernet Switch Module and some Linksys
switches also use this module based upon MIB support.
See documentation in SNMP::Info::Layer3::Dell for details.
SNMP::Info::Layer3::Enterasys
Subclass for Enterasys devices.
See documentation in SNMP::Info::Layer3::Enterasys for details.
SNMP::Info::Layer3::Extreme
Subclass for Extreme Networks switches.
See documentation in SNMP::Info::Layer3::Extreme for details.
SNMP::Info::Layer3::F5
Subclass for F5 devices.
See documentation in SNMP::Info::Layer3::F5 for details.
SNMP::Info::Layer3::Force10
Subclass for Force10 devices.
See documentation in SNMP::Info::Layer3::Force10 for details.
SNMP::Info::Layer3::Fortinet
Subclass for Fortinet devices.
See documentation in SNMP::Info::Layer3::Fortinet for details.
SNMP::Info::Layer3::Foundry
Subclass for Brocade (Foundry) Network devices.
See documentation in SNMP::Info::Layer3::Foundry for details.
SNMP::Info::Layer3::H3C
SNMP Interface to Layer 3 Devices, H3C & HP A-series.
See documentation in SNMP::Info::Layer3::H3C for details.
SNMP::Info::Layer3::HP9300
Subclass for HP network devices which Foundry Networks was the
Original Equipment Manufacturer (OEM) such as the HP ProCurve 9300
and 6300 series.
See documentation in SNMP::Info::Layer3::HP9300 for details.
SNMP::Info::Layer3::Huawei
SNMP Interface to Huawei Layer 3 switches and routers.
See documentation in SNMP::Info::Layer3::Huawei for details.
SNMP::Info::Layer3::IBMGbTor
SNMP Interface to IBM Rackswitch (formerly Blade Network
Technologies) network devices.
See documentation in SNMP::Info::Layer3::IBMGbTor for details.
SNMP::Info::Layer3::Juniper
Subclass for Juniper devices
See documentation in SNMP::Info::Layer3::Juniper for details.
SNMP::Info::Layer3::Lantronix
Subclass for Lantronix devices
See documentation in SNMP::Info::Layer3::Lantronix for details.
SNMP::Info::Layer3::Microsoft
Subclass for Generic Microsoft Routers running Microsoft Windows
OS.
See documentation in SNMP::Info::Layer3::Microsoft for details.
SNMP::Info::Layer3::Mikrotik
Subclass for Mikrotik devices running RouterOS.
See documentation in SNMP::Info::Layer3::Mikrotik for details.
SNMP::Info::Layer3::N1600
Subclass for Avaya/Nortel Ethernet Routing Switch 1600 series.
See documentation in SNMP::Info::Layer3::N1600 for details.
SNMP::Info::Layer3::NetSNMP
Subclass for host systems running Net-SNMP.
See documentation in SNMP::Info::Layer3::NetSNMP for details.
SNMP::Info::Layer3::Netscreen
Subclass for Juniper NetScreen.
See documentation in SNMP::Info::Layer3::Netscreen for details.
SNMP::Info::Layer3::Nexus
Subclass for Cisco Nexus devices running NX-OS
See documentation in SNMP::Info::Layer3::Nexus for details.
SNMP::Info::Layer3::PacketFront
Subclass for PacketFront DRG series CPE.
See documentation in SNMP::Info::Layer3::PacketFront for details.
SNMP::Info::Layer3::PaloAlto
Subclass for Palo Alto firewalls.
See documentation in SNMP::Info::Layer3::PaloAlto for details.
SNMP::Info::Layer3::Passport
Subclass for Avaya/Nortel Ethernet Routing Switch/Passport 8000
series, Accelar, and VSP 9000 series switches.
See documentation in SNMP::Info::Layer3::Passport for details.
SNMP::Info::Layer3::Pf
Subclass for FreeBSD-Based Firewalls using Pf /Pf Sense
See documentation in SNMP::Info::Layer3::Pf for details.
SNMP::Info::Layer3::Pica8
Subclass for Pica8 devices.
See documentation in SNMP::Info::Layer3::Pica8 for details.
SNMP::Info::Layer3::SonicWALL
Subclass for generic SonicWALL devices. See documentation in
SNMP::Info::Layer3::SonicWALL for details.
SNMP::Info::Layer3::Steelhead
Subclass for Riverbed Steelhead WAN optimization appliances. See
documentation in SNMP::Info::Layer3::Steelhead for details.
SNMP::Info::Layer3::Sun
Subclass for Generic Sun Routers running SunOS.
See documentation in SNMP::Info::Layer3::Sun for details.
SNMP::Info::Layer3::Tasman
Subclass for Avaya Secure Routers.
See documentation in SNMP::Info::Layer3::Tasman for details.
SNMP::Info::Layer3::Timetra
Alcatel-Lucent SR Class.
See documentation in SNMP::Info::Layer3::Timetra for details.
SNMP::Info::Layer3::VyOS
Subclass for VyOS routers.
See documentation in SNMP::Info::Layer3::VyOS for details.
SNMP::Info::Layer3::VMware
Subclass for VMware ESXi hosts.
See documentation in SNMP::Info::Layer3::VMware for details.
SNMP::Info::Layer7
Generic Layer7 Devices.
See documentation in SNMP::Info::Layer7 for details.
SNMP::Info::Layer7::APC
Subclass for APC UPS devices
See documentation in SNMP::Info::Layer7::APC for details.
SNMP::Info::Layer7::CiscoIPS
Subclass for Cisco IPS devices
See documentation in "SNMP::Info::Layer7::Cisco IPS" for details.
SNMP::Info::Layer7::Gigamon
Subclass for Gigamon devices
See documentation in SNMP::Info::Layer7::Gigamon for details.
SNMP::Info::Layer7::Netscaler
Subclass for Citrix Netscaler appliances
See documentation in SNMP::Info::Layer7::Netscaler for details.
SNMP::Info::Layer7::Neoteris
Subclass for Juniper SSL VPN appliances
See documentation in SNMP::Info::Layer7::Neoteris for details.
Thanks
Thanks for testing and coding help (in no particular order) to :
Alexander Barthel, Andy Ford, Alexander Hartmaier, Andrew Herrick, Alex
Kramarov, Bernhard Augenstein, Bradley Baetz, Brian Chow, Brian Wilson,
Carlos Vicente, Dana Watanabe, David Pinkoski, David Sieborger, Douglas
McKeown, Greg King, Ivan Auger, Jean-Philippe Luiggi, Jeroen van Ingen,
Justin Hunter, Kent Hamilton, Matthew Tuttle, Michael Robbert, Mike
Hunter, Nicolai Petri, Ralf Gross, Robert Kerr and people listed on the
Netdisco README!
USAGE
Constructor
new()
Creates a new object and connects via SNMP::Session.
my $info = new SNMP::Info( 'Debug' => 1,
'AutoSpecify' => 1,
'BigInt' => 1,
'BulkWalk' => 1,
'BulkRepeaters' => 20,
'IgnoreNetSNMPConf' => 1,
'LoopDetect' => 1,
'DestHost' => 'myrouter',
'Community' => 'public',
'Version' => 2,
'MibDirs' => ['dir1','dir2','dir3'],
) or die;
SNMP::Info Specific Arguments :
AutoSpecify
Returns an object of a more specific device class
(default 0, which means "off")
BigInt
Return Math::BigInt objects for 64 bit counters. Sets on a global
scope, not object.
(default 0, which means "off")
BulkWalk
Set to 0 to turn off BULKWALK commands for SNMPv2 connections.
Note that BULKWALK is turned off for Net-SNMP versions 5.1.x
because of a bug.
(default 1, which means "on")
BulkRepeaters
Set number of MaxRepeaters for BULKWALK operation. See perldoc SNMP
-> bulkwalk() for more info.
(default 20)
LoopDetect
Detects looping during getnext table column walks by comparing IIDs
for each instance. A loop is detected if the same IID is seen more
than once and the walk is aborted. Note: This will not detect loops
during a bulkwalk operation, Net-SNMP's internal bulkwalk function
must detect the loop.
Set to 0 to turn off loop detection.
(default 1, which means "on")
IgnoreNetSNMPConf
Net-SNMP version 5.0 and higher read configuration files, snmp.conf
or snmp.local.conf, from /etc/snmp, /usr/share/snmp,
/usr/lib(64)/snmp, or $HOME/.snmp and uses those settings to
automatically parse MIB files, etc.
Set to 1 "on" to ignore Net-SNMP configuration files by overriding
the SNMPCONFPATH environmental variable during object
initialization. Note: MibDirs must be defined or Net-SNMP will not
be able to load MIBs and initialize the object.
(default 0, which means "off")
Debug
Prints Lots of debugging messages. Pass 2 to print even more
debugging messages.
(default 0, which means "off")
DebugSNMP
Set $SNMP::debugging level for Net-SNMP.
See SNMP for more details.
MibDirs
Array ref to list of directories in which to look for MIBs. Note
this will be in addition to the ones setup in snmp.conf at the
system level.
(default use net-snmp settings only)
RetryNoSuch
When using SNMP Version 1, try reading values even if they come
back as "no such variable in this MIB". Set to false if so desired.
This feature lets you read SNMPv2 data from an SNMP version 1
connection, and should probably be left on.
(default 1, which means "on")
Session
SNMP::Session object to use instead of connecting on own.
(default creates session automatically)
Offline
Causes SNMP::Info to avoid network activity and return data only
from its cache. If you ask for something not in the cache, an error
is thrown. See also the cache() and offline() methods.
(default 0, which means "online")
Cache
Pass in a HashRef to prime the cache of retrieved data. Useful for
creating an instance in Offline mode from a previously dumped
cache. See also the cache() method to retrieve a cache after
running actial queries.
OTHER
All other arguments are passed to SNMP::Session.
See SNMP::Session for a list of other possible arguments.
A Note about the wrong Community string or wrong SNMP Version:
If a connection is using the wrong community string or the wrong SNMP
version, the creation of the object will not fail. The device still
answers the call on the SNMP port, but will not return information.
Check the error() method after you create the device object to see if
there was a problem in connecting.
A note about SNMP Versions :
Some older devices don't support SNMP version 2, and will not return
anything when a connection under Version 2 is attempted.
Some newer devices will support Version 1, but will not return all
the data they might have if you had connected under Version 1
When trying to get info from a new device, you may have to try
version 2 and then fallback to version 1.
update()
Replace the existing session with a new one with updated values,
without re-identifying the device. The only supported changes are to
Community or Context.
Clears the object cache.
This is useful, e.g., when a device supports multiple contexts (via
changes to the Community string, or via the SNMPv3 Context
parameter), but a context that you want to access does not support
the objects (e.g., sysObjectID, sysDescr) that we use to identify the
device.
Data is Cached
Methods and subroutines requesting data from a device will only load
the data once, and then return cached versions of that data.
Run $info->load_METHOD() where method is something like 'i_name' to
reload data from a method.
Run $info->clear_cache() to clear the cache to allow reload of both
globals and table methods.
The cache can be retrieved or set using the $info->cache() method. This
works together with the Offline option.
Object Scalar Methods
These are for package related data, not directly supplied from SNMP.
$info->clear_cache()
Clears the cached data. This includes GLOBALS data and TABLE METHOD
data.
$info->debug(1)
Returns current debug status, and optionally toggles debugging info
for this object.
$info->offline([1|0])
Returns if offline mode is currently turned on for this object.
Optionally sets the Offline parameter.
$info->cache([new_cache])
Returns a HashRef of all cached data in this object. There will be a
store key for table data and then one key for each leaf.
Optionally sets the cache parameters if passed a HashRef.
$info->bulkwalk([1|0])
Returns if bulkwalk is currently turned on for this object.
Optionally sets the bulkwalk parameter.
$info->loopdetect([1|0])
Returns if loopdetect is currently turned on for this object.
Optionally sets the loopdetect parameter.
$info->device_type()
Returns the Subclass name for this device. SNMP::Info is returned if
no more specific class is available.
First the device is checked for Layer 3 support and a specific
subclass, then Layer 2 support and subclasses are checked.
This means that Layer 2 / 3 switches and routers will fall under the
SNMP::Info::Layer3 subclasses.
If the device still can be connected to via SNMP::Info, then
SNMP::Info is returned.
$info->error(no_clear)
Returns Error message if there is an error, or undef if there is not.
Reading the error will clear the error unless you set the no_clear
flag.
$info->has_layer(3)
Returns non-zero if the device has the supplied layer in the OSI
Model
Returns if the device doesn't support the layers() call.
$info->snmp_comm()
Returns SNMP Community string used in connection.
$info->snmp_ver()
Returns SNMP Version used for this connection
$info->specify()
Returns an object of a more-specific subclass.
my $info = new SNMP::Info(...);
# Returns more specific object type
$info = $info->specific();
Usually this method is called internally from new(AutoSpecify => 1)
See device_type() entry for how a subclass is chosen.
$info->cisco_comm_indexing()
Returns 0. Is an overridable method used for vlan indexing for snmp
calls on certain Cisco devices.
See
ftp://ftp.cisco.com/pub/mibs/supportlists/wsc5000/wsc5000-communityIn
dexing.html
Globals (Scalar Methods)
These are methods to return scalar data from RFC1213.
Some subset of these is probably available for any network device that
speaks SNMP.
$info->uptime()
Uptime in hundredths of seconds since device became available.
(sysUpTime)
$info->contact()
(sysContact)
$info->name()
(sysName)
$info->location()
(sysLocation)
$info->layers()
This returns a binary encoded string where each digit represents a
layer of the OSI model served by the device.
eg: 01000010 means layers 2 (physical) and 7 (Application)
are served.
Note: This string is 8 digits long.
See $info->has_layer()
(sysServices)
$info->ports()
Number of interfaces available on this device.
Not too useful as the number of SNMP interfaces usually does not
correspond with the number of physical ports
(ifNumber)
$info->ipforwarding()
The indication of whether the entity is acting as an IP gateway
Returns either forwarding or not-forwarding
(ipForwarding)
Table Methods
Each of these methods returns a hash_reference to a hash keyed on the
interface index in SNMP.
Example : $info->interfaces() might return
{ '1.12' => 'FastEthernet/0',
'2.15' => 'FastEthernet/1',
'9.99' => 'FastEthernet/2'
}
The key is what you would see if you were to do an snmpwalk, and in
some cases changes between reboots of the network device.
Partial Table Fetches
If you want to get only a part of an SNMP table or a single instance
from the table and you know the IID for the part of the table that you
want, you can specify it in the call:
$local_routes = $info->ipr_route('192.168.0');
This will only fetch entries in the table that start with 192.168.0,
which in this case are routes on the local network.
Remember that you must supply the partial IID (a numeric OID).
Partial table results are not cached.
Interface Information
$info->interfaces()
This methods is overridden in each subclass to provide a mapping
between the Interface Table Index (iid) and the physical port name.
$info->if_ignore()
Returns a reference to a hash where key values that exist are
interfaces to ignore.
Ignored interfaces are ones that are usually not physical ports or
Virtual Lans (VLANs) such as the Loopback interface, or the CPU
interface.
$info->bulkwalk_no()
Returns 0. Is an overridable method used for turn off bulkwalk for
the device class.
$info->i_index()
Default SNMP IID to Interface index.
(ifIndex)
$info->i_description()
Description of the interface. Usually a little longer single word
name that is both human and machine friendly. Not always.
(ifDescr)
$info->i_type()
Interface type, such as Vlan, Ethernet, Serial
(ifType)
$info->i_mtu()
INTEGER. Interface MTU value.
(ifMtu)
$info->i_speed()
Speed of the link, human format. See munge_speed() later in document
for details.
(ifSpeed, ifHighSpeed if necessary)
$info->i_speed_raw()
Speed of the link in bits per second without munging. If i_speed_high
is available it will be used and multiplied by 1_000_000.
(ifSpeed, ifHighSpeed if necessary)
$info->i_speed_high()
Speed of a high-speed link, human format. See munge_highspeed() later
in document for details. You should not need to call this directly,
as i_speed() will call it if it needs to.
(ifHighSpeed)
$info->i_mac()
MAC address of the interface. Note this is just the MAC of the port,
not anything connected to it.
(ifPhysAddress)
$info->i_up()
Link Status of the interface. Typical values are 'up' and 'down'.
(ifOperStatus)
$info->i_up_admin()
Administrative status of the port. Typical values are 'enabled' and
'disabled'.
(ifAdminStatus)
$info->i_lastchange()
The value of sysUpTime when this port last changed states (up,down).
(ifLastChange)
$info->i_name()
Interface Name field. Supported by a smaller subset of devices, this
fields is often human set.
(ifName)
$info->i_alias()
Interface Name field. For certain devices this is a more human
friendly form of i_description(). For others it is a human set field
like i_name().
(ifAlias)
Interface Statistics
$info->i_octet_in(), $info->i_octets_out(), $info->i_octet_in64(),
$info->i_octets_out64()
Bandwidth.
Number of octets sent/received on the interface including framing
characters.
64 bit version may not exist on all devices.
NOTE: To manipulate 64 bit counters you need to use Math::BigInt,
since the values are too large for a normal Perl scalar. Set the
global $SNMP::Info::BIGINT to 1 , or pass the BigInt value to new()
if you want SNMP::Info to do it for you.
(ifInOctets) (ifOutOctets) (ifHCInOctets) (ifHCOutOctets)
$info->i_errors_in(), $info->i_errors_out()
Number of packets that contained an error preventing delivery. See
IF-MIB for more info.
(ifInErrors) (ifOutErrors)
$info->i_pkts_ucast_in(), $info->i_pkts_ucast_out(),
$info->i_pkts_ucast_in64(), $info->i_pkts_ucast_out64()
Number of packets not sent to a multicast or broadcast address.
64 bit version may not exist on all devices.
(ifInUcastPkts) (ifOutUcastPkts) (ifHCInUcastPkts) (ifHCOutUcastPkts)
$info->i_pkts_nucast_in(), $info->i_pkts_nucast_out(),
Number of packets sent to a multicast or broadcast address.
These methods are deprecated by i_pkts_multi_in() and
i_pkts_bcast_in() according to IF-MIB. Actual device usage may vary.
(ifInNUcastPkts) (ifOutNUcastPkts)
$info->i_pkts_multi_in() $info->i_pkts_multi_out(),
$info->i_pkts_multi_in64(), $info->i_pkts_multi_out64()
Number of packets sent to a multicast address.
64 bit version may not exist on all devices.
(ifInMulticastPkts) (ifOutMulticastPkts) (ifHCInMulticastPkts)
(ifHCOutMulticastPkts)
$info->i_pkts_bcast_in() $info->i_pkts_bcast_out(),
$info->i_pkts_bcast_in64() $info->i_pkts_bcast_out64()
Number of packets sent to a broadcast address on an interface.
64 bit version may not exist on all devices.
(ifInBroadcastPkts) (ifOutBroadcastPkts) (ifHCInBroadcastPkts)
(ifHCOutBroadcastPkts)
$info->i_discards_in() $info->i_discards_out()
"The number of inbound packets which were chosen to be discarded even
though no errors had been detected to prevent their being deliverable
to a higher-layer protocol. One possible reason for discarding such a
packet could be to free up buffer space." (IF-MIB)
(ifInDiscards) (ifOutDiscards)
$info->i_bad_proto_in()
"For packet-oriented interfaces, the number of packets received via
the interface which were discarded because of an unknown or
unsupported protocol. For character-oriented or fixed-length
interfaces that support protocol multiplexing the number of
transmission units received via the interface which were discarded
because of an unknown or unsupported protocol. For any interface that
does not support protocol multiplexing, this counter will always be
0."
(ifInUnknownProtos)
$info->i_qlen_out()
"The length of the output packet queue (in packets)."
(ifOutQLen)
$info->i_specific()
See IF-MIB for full description
(ifSpecific)
IP Address Table
Each entry in this table is an IP address in use on this device.
Usually this is implemented in Layer3 Devices.
$info->ip_index()
Maps the IP Table to the IID
(ipAdEntIfIndex)
$info->ip_table()
Maps the Table to the IP address
(ipAdEntAddr)
$info->ip_netmask()
Gives netmask setting for IP table entry.
(ipAdEntNetMask)
$info->ip_broadcast()
Gives broadcast address for IP table entry.
(ipAdEntBcastAddr)
IP Routing Table
$info->ipr_route()
The route in question. A value of 0.0.0.0 is the default gateway
route.
(ipRouteDest)
$info->ipr_if()
The interface (IID) that the route is on. Use interfaces() to map.
(ipRouteIfIndex)
$info->ipr_1()
Primary routing metric for this route.
(ipRouteMetric1)
$info->ipr_2()
If metrics are not used, they should be set to -1
(ipRouteMetric2)
$info->ipr_3()
(ipRouteMetric3)
$info->ipr_4()
(ipRouteMetric4)
$info->ipr_5()
(ipRouteMetric5)
$info->ipr_dest()
From RFC1213:
"The IP address of the next hop of this route.
(In the case of a route bound to an interface
which is realized via a broadcast media, the value
of this field is the agent's IP address on that
interface.)"
(ipRouteNextHop)
$info->ipr_type()
From RFC1213:
other(1), -- none of the following
invalid(2), -- an invalidated route
-- route to directly
direct(3), -- connected (sub-)network
-- route to a non-local
indirect(4) -- host/network/sub-network
"The type of route. Note that the values
direct(3) and indirect(4) refer to the notion of
direct and indirect routing in the IP
architecture.
Setting this object to the value invalid(2) has
the effect of invalidating the corresponding entry
in the ipRouteTable object. That is, it
effectively disassociates the destination
identified with said entry from the route
identified with said entry. It is an
implementation-specific matter as to whether the
agent removes an invalidated entry from the table.
Accordingly, management stations must be prepared
to receive tabular information from agents that
corresponds to entries not currently in use.
Proper interpretation of such entries requires
examination of the relevant ipRouteType object."
(ipRouteType)
$info->ipr_proto()
From RFC1213:
other(1), -- none of the following
-- non-protocol information,
-- e.g., manually configured
local(2), -- entries
-- set via a network
netmgmt(3), -- management protocol
-- obtained via ICMP,
icmp(4), -- e.g., Redirect
-- the remaining values are
-- all gateway routing
-- protocols
egp(5),
ggp(6),
hello(7),
rip(8),
is-is(9),
es-is(10),
ciscoIgrp(11),
bbnSpfIgp(12),
ospf(13),
bgp(14)
(ipRouteProto)
$info->ipr_age()
Seconds since route was last updated or validated.
(ipRouteAge)
$info->ipr_mask()
Subnet Mask of route. 0.0.0.0 for default gateway.
(ipRouteMask)
$info->ipr_info()
Reference to MIB definition specific to routing protocol.
(ipRouteInfo)
Topology Information
Based upon the manufacturer and software version devices may support
some combination of Layer 2 topology protocol information. SNMP::Info
supports querying Link Layer Discovery Protocol (LLDP), Cisco Discovery
Protocol (CDP), SynOptics/Bay/Nortel/Avaya Network Management Protocol
(SONMP), Foundry/Brocade Discovery Protocol (FDP), Extreme Discovery
Protocol (EDP), and Alcatel Mapping Adjacency Protocol (AMAP).
For protocol specific information and implementation:
LLDP: See SNMP::Info::LLDP for details.
CDP: See SNMP::Info::CDP for details.
SONMP: See SNMP::Info::SONMP for details.
FDP: See SNMP::Info::FDP for details.
EDP: See SNMP::Info::EDP for details.
AMAP: See SNMP::Info::AMAP for details.
Topology Capabilities
$info->has_topo()
Reports Layer 2 topology protocols which are supported and running on
a device.
Returns either a reference to an array of protocols, possible values
being: lldp, cdp, sonmp, fdp, edp, amap or undef if no protocols are
supported or running.
Common Topology Table Information
The common topology table methods below will query the device for
information from the specified topology protocols and return a single
hash combining all information. As a result, there may be identical
topology information returned from the two protocols causing duplicate
entries. It is the calling program's responsibility to identify any
duplicate entries and remove duplicates if necessary. If it is
necessary to understand which protocol provided the information,
utilize the protocol specific methods directly rather than the generic
methods.
The methods support partial table fetches by providing a partial as the
first argument.
If a reference to an array is provided as the second argument, those
protocols will be queried for information. The supported array values
are: lldp, cdp, sonmp, fdp, edp, amap.
If nothing is passed in as the second argument, the methods will call
has_topo() to determine supported and running topology protocols on the
device.
$info->c_ip(partial, topology_protocol_arrayref)
Returns reference to hash. Key: iid, Value: remote IPv4 address
If multiple entries exist with the same local port, c_if(), with the
same IPv4 address, c_ip(), it may be a duplicate entry.
If multiple entries exist with the same local port, c_if(), with
different IPv4 addresses, c_ip(), there is either a device in between
two or more devices utilizing a different topology protocol or
multiple devices which are not directly connected.
Use the protocol specific methods to dig deeper.
$info->c_if(partial, topology_protocol_arrayref)
Returns reference to hash. Key: iid, Value: local device port
(interfaces)
$info->c_port(partial, topology_protocol_arrayref)
Returns reference to hash. Key: iid, Value: remote port (interfaces)
$info->c_id(partial, topology_protocol_arrayref)
Returns reference to hash. Key: iid, Value: string value used to
identify the chassis component associated with the remote system.
Note: SONMP does not return this information.
$info->c_platform(partial, topology_protocol_arrayref)
Returns reference to hash. Key: iid, Value: Remote Device Type
Note: EDP does not provide this information. LLDP uses
(lldpRemSysDesc) or lldp_rem_sysname as the closest match.
$info->c_cap(partial, topology_protocol_arrayref)
Returns reference to hash of arrays. Key: iid, Value: Array of
capabilities supported by the device. See the specific protocol class
for string values which could be elements within the array.
Note: Only CDP and LLDP support this method.
SETTING DATA VIA SNMP
This section explains how to use SNMP::Info to do SNMP Set operations.
$info->set_METHOD($value)
Sets the global METHOD to value. Assumes that iid is .0
Returns if failed, or the return value from SNMP::Session::set()
(snmp_errno)
$info->set_location("Here!");
$info->set_METHOD($value,$iid)
Table Methods. Set iid of method to value.
Returns if failed, or the return value from SNMP::Session::set()
(snmp_errno)
# Disable a port administratively
my %if_map = reverse %{$info->interfaces()}
$info->set_i_up_admin('down', $if_map{'FastEthernet0/0'})
or die "Couldn't disable the port. ",$info->error(1);
NOTE: You must be connected to your device with a ReadWrite community
string in order for set operations to work.
NOTE: This will only set data listed in %FUNCS and %GLOBALS. For data
acquired from overridden methods (subroutines) specific set_METHOD()
subroutines will need to be added if they haven't been already.
Quiet Mode
SNMP::Info will not chirp anything to STDOUT unless there is a serious
error (in which case it will probably die).
To get lots of debug info, set the Debug flag when calling new() or
call $info->debug(1);
When calling a method check the return value. If the return value is
undef then check $info->error()
Beware, calling $info->error() clears the error.
my $name = $info->name() or die "Couldn't get sysName!" . $name->error();
EXTENDING SNMP::INFO
To support a new class (vendor or platform) of device, add a Perl
package with the data structures and methods listed below.
If this seems a little scary, then the SNMP::Info developers are
usually happy to accept the SNMP data from your device and make an
attempt at the class themselves. Usually a "beta" release will go to
CPAN for you to verify the implementation.
Gathering MIB data for SNMP::Info Developers
The preference is to open a feature request in the SourceForge project.
This allows all developers to have visibility into the request. Please
include pointers to the applicable platform MIBs. For development we
will need an snmpwalk of the device. There is a tool now included in
the SNMP::Info distribution to help with this task, although you'll
most likely need to download the distribution from CPAN as it's
included in the "contrib/util" directory.
The utility is named make_snmpdata.pl. Run it with a command line like:
./make_snmpdata.pl -c community -i -d device_ip \
-m /home/netdisco-mibs/rfc:/home/netdisco-mibs/net-snmp:/home/netdisco-mibs/dir3 \
SNMPv2-MIB IF-MIB EtherLike-MIB BRIDGE-MIB Q-BRIDGE-MIB ENTITY-MIB \
POWER-ETHERNET-MIB IPV6-MIB LLDP-MIB DEVICE-SPECIFIC-MIB-NAME(s) > output.txt
This will print to the file every MIB entry with data in a format that
the developers can use to emulate read operations without needing
access to the device. Preference would be to mask any sensitive data in
the output, zip the file, and upload as an attachment to the
Sourceforge tracker. However, if you do not feel comfortable uploading
the output to the tracker you could e-mail it to the developer that has
claimed the ticket.
Data Structures required in new Subclass
A class inheriting this class must implement these data structures :
$INIT
Used to flag if the MIBs have been loaded yet.
%GLOBALS
Contains a hash in the form ( method_name => SNMP MIB leaf name )
These are scalar values such as name, uptime, etc.
To resolve MIB leaf name conflicts between private MIBs, you may
prefix the leaf name with the MIB replacing each - (dash) and :
(colon) with an _ (underscore). For example,
ALTEON_TIGON_SWITCH_MIB__agSoftwareVersion would be used as the hash
value instead of the net-snmp notation
ALTEON-TIGON-SWITCH-MIB::agSoftwareVersion.
When choosing the name for the methods, be aware that other new Sub
Modules might inherit this one to get it's features. Try to choose a
prefix for methods that will give it's own name space inside the
SNMP::Info methods.
%FUNCS
Contains a hash in the form ( method_name => SNMP MIB leaf name)
These are table entries, such as the ifIndex
To resolve MIB leaf name conflicts between private MIBs, you may
prefix the leaf name with the MIB replacing each - (dash) and :
(colon) with an _ (underscore). For example,
ALTEON_TS_PHYSICAL_MIB__agPortCurCfgPortName would be used as the
hash value instead of the net-snmp notation
ALTEON-TS-PHYSICAL-MIB::agPortCurCfgPortName.
%MIBS
A list of each mib needed.
('MIB-NAME' => 'itemToTestForPresence')
The value for each entry should be a MIB object to check for to make
sure that the MIB is present and has loaded correctly.
$info->init() will throw an exception if a MIB does not load.
%MUNGE
A map between method calls (from %FUNCS or %GLOBALS) and subroutine
methods. The subroutine called will be passed the data as it gets it
from SNMP and it should return that same data in a more human
friendly format.
Sample %MUNGE:
(my_ip => \&munge_ip,
my_mac => \&munge_mac,
my_layers => \&munge_dec2bin
)
Sample Subclass
Let's make a sample Layer 2 Device subclass. This class will inherit
the Cisco Vlan module as an example.
----------------------- snip --------------------------------
# SNMP::Info::Layer2::Sample
package SNMP::Info::Layer2::Sample;
$VERSION = 0.1;
use strict;
use Exporter;
use SNMP::Info::Layer2;
use SNMP::Info::CiscoVTP;
@SNMP::Info::Layer2::Sample::ISA = qw/SNMP::Info::Layer2
SNMP::Info::CiscoVTP Exporter/;
@SNMP::Info::Layer2::Sample::EXPORT_OK = qw//;
use vars qw/$VERSION %FUNCS %GLOBALS %MIBS %MUNGE $AUTOLOAD $INIT $DEBUG/;
%MIBS = (%SNMP::Info::Layer2::MIBS,
%SNMP::Info::CiscoVTP::MIBS,
'SUPER-DOOPER-MIB' => 'supermibobject'
);
%GLOBALS = (%SNMP::Info::Layer2::GLOBALS,
%SNMP::Info::CiscoVTP::GLOBALS,
'name' => 'supermib_supername',
'favorite_color' => 'supermib_fav_color_object',
'favorite_movie' => 'supermib_fav_movie_val'
);
%FUNCS = (%SNMP::Info::Layer2::FUNCS,
%SNMP::Info::CiscoVTP::FUNCS,
# Super Dooper MIB - Super Hero Table
'super_hero_index' => 'SuperHeroIfIndex',
'super_hero_name' => 'SuperHeroIfName',
'super_hero_powers' => 'SuperHeroIfPowers'
);
%MUNGE = (%SNMP::Info::Layer2::MUNGE,
%SNMP::Info::CiscoVTP::MUNGE,
'super_hero_powers' => \&munge_powers
);
# OverRide uptime() method from %SNMP::Info::GLOBALS
sub uptime {
my $sample = shift;
my $name = $sample->name();
# this is silly but you get the idea
return '600' if defined $name ;
}
# Create our own munge function
sub munge_powers {
my $power = shift;
# Take the returned obscure value and return something useful.
return 'Fire' if $power =~ /reallyhot/i;
return 'Ice' if $power =~ /reallycold/i;
# Else
return $power;
}
# Copious Documentation here!!!
=head1 NAME
=head1 AUTHOR
=head1 SYNOPSIS
=head1 DESCRIPTION
=head2 Inherited Classes
=head2 Required MIBs
=head1 GLOBALS
=head2 Overrides
=head1 TABLE METHODS
=head2 Overrides
=cut
1; # don't forget this line
----------------------- snip --------------------------------
Be sure and send the debugged version to
snmp-info-users@lists.sourceforge.net to be included in the next
version of SNMP::Info.
SNMP::INFO INTERNALS
Object Namespace
Internal data is stored with bareword keys. For example $info->{debug}
SNMP Data is stored or marked cached with keys starting with an
underscore. For example $info->{_name} is the cache for $info->name().
Cached Table data is stored in $info->store() and marked cached per
above.
Package Globals
These set the default value for an object upon creation.
$DEBUG
Default 0. Sends copious debug info to stdout. This global sets the
object's debug status in new() unless 'Debug' argument passed in
new(). Change objects' debug status with $info->debug().
$BIGINT
Default 0. Set to true to have 64 bit counters return Math::BigInt
objects instead of scalar string values. See note under Interface
Statistics about 64 bit values.
$NOSUCH
Default 1. Set to false to disable RetryNoSuch option for
SNMP::Session. Or see method in new() to do it on an object scope.
$REPEATERS
Default 20. MaxRepeaters for BULKWALK operations. See perldoc SNMP
for more info. Can change by passing BulkRepeaters option in new()
Data Munging Callback Subroutines
munge_speed()
Makes human friendly speed ratings using %SPEED_MAP
%SPEED_MAP = (
'56000' => '56 kbps',
'64000' => '64 kbps',
'115000' => '115 kpbs',
'1500000' => '1.5 Mbps',
'1536000' => 'T1',
'1544000' => 'T1',
'2000000' => '2.0 Mbps',
'2048000' => '2.048 Mbps',
'3072000' => 'Dual T1',
'3088000' => 'Dual T1',
'4000000' => '4.0 Mbps',
'10000000' => '10 Mbps',
'11000000' => '11 Mbps',
'20000000' => '20 Mbps',
'16000000' => '16 Mbps',
'16777216' => '16 Mbps',
'44210000' => 'T3',
'44736000' => 'T3',
'45000000' => '45 Mbps',
'45045000' => 'DS3',
'46359642' => 'DS3',
'51850000' => 'OC-1',
'54000000' => '54 Mbps',
'64000000' => '64 Mbps',
'100000000' => '100 Mbps',
'200000000' => '200 Mbps',
'149760000' => 'ATM on OC-3',
'155000000' => 'OC-3',
'155519000' => 'OC-3',
'155520000' => 'OC-3',
'400000000' => '400 Mbps',
'599040000' => 'ATM on OC-12',
'622000000' => 'OC-12',
'622080000' => 'OC-12',
'1000000000' => '1.0 Gbps',
'2000000000' => '2.0 Gbps',
'2488000000' => 'OC-48',
)
Note: high speed interfaces (usually 1 Gbps or faster) have their
link speed in ifHighSpeed. i_speed() automatically determines whether
to use ifSpeed or ifHighSpeed; if the latter is used, the value is
munged by munge_highspeed(). SNMP::Info can return speeds up to
terabit levels this way.
munge_highspeed()
Makes human friendly speed ratings for ifHighSpeed
munge_ip()
Takes a binary IP and makes it dotted ASCII
munge_mac()
Takes an octet stream (HEX-STRING) and returns a colon separated
ASCII hex string.
munge_prio_mac()
Takes an 2-byte octet stream (HEX-STRING) and returns a colon
separated ASCII hex string.
munge_prio_port()
Takes an 8-byte octet stream (HEX-STRING) and returns a colon
separated ASCII hex string.
munge_octet2hex()
Takes a binary octet stream and returns an ASCII hex string
munge_dec2bin()
Takes a binary char and returns its ASCII binary representation
munge_bits
Takes a SNMP2 'BITS' field and returns the ASCII bit string
munge_counter64
If $BIGINT is set to true, then a Math::BigInt object is returned.
See Math::BigInt for details.
munge_i_up
Net-SNMP tends to load RFC1213-MIB first, and so ignores the updated
enumeration for ifOperStatus in IF-MIB. This munge handles the
"newer" definitions for the enumeration in IF-MIB.
TODO: Get the precedence of MIBs and overriding of MIB data in
Net-SNMP figured out. Heirarchy/precendence of MIBS in SNMP::Info.
munge_port_list
Takes an octet string representing a set of ports and returns a
reference to an array of binary values each array element
representing a port.
If the element has a value of '1', then that port is included in the
set of ports; the port is not included if it has a value of '0'.
munge_null()
Removes control characters from a string
munge_e_type()
Takes an OID and return the object name if the right MIB is loaded.
Internally Used Functions
$info->init()
Used internally. Loads all entries in %MIBS.
$info->args()
Returns a reference to the argument hash supplied to SNMP::Session
$info->class()
Returns the class name of the object.
$info->error_throw(error message)
Stores the error message for use by $info->error()
If $info->debug() is true, then the error message is carped too.
$info->funcs()
Returns a reference to the %FUNCS hash.
$info->globals()
Returns a reference to the %GLOBALS hash.
$info->mibs()
Returns a reference to the %MIBS hash.
$info->munge()
Returns a reference of the %MUNGE hash.
$info->nosuch()
Returns NoSuch value set or not in new()
$info->session()
Gets or Sets the SNMP::Session object.
$info->store(new_store)
Returns or sets hash store for Table functions.
Store is a hash reference in this format :
$info->store = { attribute => { iid => value , iid2 => value2, ... }
};
$info->_global()
Used internally by AUTOLOAD to create dynamic methods from %GLOBALS
or a single instance MIB Leaf node name from a loaded MIB.
Example: $info->name() on the first call dispatches to AUTOLOAD()
which calls $info->_global('name') creating the method name().
These methods return data as a scalar.
$info->_set(attr,val,iid,type)
Used internally by set_multi() to run an SNMP set command. When run
clears attr cache.
Attr can be passed as either a scalar or a reference to an array or
array of arrays when used with set_multi().
Example: $info->set_name('dog',3) uses autoload to resolve to
$info->_set('name','dog',3);
$info->_make_setter(val,iid)
Used internally by AUTOLOAD to create dynamic methods from either
%GLOBALS, %FUNCS, or a valid mib leaf from a loaded MIB which runs an
SNMP set command. When run clears the attribute cache.
Example: $info->set_name('dog',3) dispatches to autoload to resolve
to $info->_set('name','dog',3) and _make_setter creates the
set_name() method.
$info->set_multi(arrayref)
Used to run an SNMP set command on several new values in the one
request. Returns the result of $info->_set(method).
Pass either a reference to a 4 element array [<obj>, <iid>, <val>,
<type>] or a reference to an array of 4 element arrays to specify
multiple values.
<obj> - One of the following forms:
1) leaf identifier (e.g., C<'sysContact'>)
2) An entry in either %FUNCS, %GLOBALS (e.g., 'contact')
<iid> - The dotted-decimal, instance identifier. For scalar MIB objects
use '0'
<val> - The SNMP data value being set (e.g., 'netdisco')
<type> - Optional as the MIB should be loaded.
If one of the set assignments is invalid, then the request will be
rejected without applying any of the new values - regardless of the
order they appear in the list.
Example: my $vlan_set = [
['qb_v_untagged',"$old_vlan_id","$old_untagged_portlist"],
['qb_v_egress',"$new_vlan_id","$new_egress_portlist"],
['qb_v_egress',"$old_vlan_id","$old_egress_portlist"],
['qb_v_untagged',"$new_vlan_id","$new_untagged_portlist"],
['qb_i_vlan',"$port","$new_vlan_id"], ];
$info->set_multi($vlan_set);
$info->load_all()
Debugging routine. This does not include any overridden method or
method implemented by subroutine.
Runs $info->load_METHOD() for each entry in $info->funcs();
Returns $info->store() -- See store() entry.
Note return value has changed since version 0.3
$info->all()
Runs $info->load_all() once then returns $info->store();
Use $info->load_all() to reload the data.
Note return value has changed since version 0.3
$info->_load_attr()
Used internally by AUTOLOAD to create dynamic methods from %FUNCS or
a MIB Leaf node name contained within a table of a loaded MIB.
Supports partial table fetches and single instance table fetches. See
"Partial Table Fetches" in SNMP::Info.
These methods return data as a reference to a hash.
$info->_show_attr()
Used internally by AUTOLOAD to return data called by methods listed
in %FUNCS.
$info->snmp_connect_ip(ip)
Returns true or false based upon snmp connectivity to an IP.
modify_port_list(portlist,offset,replacement)
Replaces the specified bit in a port_list array and returns the
packed bitmask
$info->_cache(attr, data)
Cache retrieved data so that if it's asked for again, we use the
cache instead of going back to Net-SNMP. Data is cached inside the
blessed hashref $self.
Accepts the leaf and value (scalar, or hashref for a table). Does not
return anything useful.
$info->_munge(attr, data)
Raw data returned from Net-SNMP might not be formatted correctly or
might have platform-specific bugs or mistakes. The MUNGE feature of
SNMP::Info allows for fixups to take place.
Accepts the leaf and value (scalar, or hashref for a table) and
returns the raw or the munged data, as appropriate. That is, you do
not need to know whether MUNGE is installed, and it's safe to call
this method regardless.
_validate_autoload_method(method)
Used internally by AUTOLOAD to validate that a dynamic method should
be created. Returns the OID of the MIB leaf node the method will get
or set.
1. Returns unless method is listed in %FUNCS, %GLOBALS, or is MIB
Leaf node name in a loaded MIB for given class.
2. Translates the MIB Leaf node name to an OID.
3. Checks to see if the method access type is allowed for the
resolved OID. Write access for set_ methods, read access for others.
$info->can()
Overrides UNIVERSAL::can() so that objects will correctly report
their capabilities to include dynamic methods generated at run time
via AUTOLOAD.
Calls parent can() first to see if method exists, if not validates
that a method should be created then dispatches to the appropriate
internal method for creation. The newly created method is inserted
into the symbol table returning to AUTOLOAD only for the initial
method call.
Returns undef if the method does not exist and can not be created.
AUTOLOAD
Each entry in either %FUNCS, %GLOBALS, or MIB Leaf node names present
in loaded MIBs are used by AUTOLOAD() to create dynamic methods.
Generated methods are inserted into the symbol table so that subsequent
calls can avoid AUTOLOAD() and dispatch directly.
1. Returns unless method is listed in %FUNCS, %GLOBALS, or is a MIB
Leaf node name in a loaded MIB for given class.
2. If the method exists in %GLOBALS or is a single instance MIB Leaf
node name from a loaded MIB, _global() generates the method.
3. If a set_ prefix is present _make_setter() generates the method.
4. If the method exists in %FUNCS or is a MIB Leaf node name contained
within a table from a loaded MIB, _load_attr() generates the method.
5. A load_ prefix forces reloading of data and does not use cached
data.
6. A _raw suffix returns data ignoring any munge routines.
Override any dynamic method listed in %GLOBALS, %FUNCS, or MIB Leaf
node name a by creating a subroutine with the same name.
For example to override $info->name() create `` sub name {...}'' in
your subclass.
COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE
Changes from SNMP::Info Version 0.7 and on are: Copyright (c) 2003-2010
Max Baker and SNMP::Info Developers All rights reserved.
Original Code is: Copyright (c) 2002-2003, Regents of the University of
California All rights reserved.
Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions are
met:
* Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright notice,
this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
* Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
* Neither the name of the University of California, Santa Cruz nor the
names of its contributors may be used to endorse or promote products
derived from this software without specific prior written permission.
THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS "AS
IS" AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED
TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A
PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT
OWNER OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL,
SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT
LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE,
DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY
THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT
(INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE
OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
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